06 요지 추론

수능 기출

다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?

Many present efforts to guard and maintain human progress, to meet human needs, and to realize human ambitions are simply unsustainable — in both the rich and poor nations. They draw too heavily, too quickly, on already overdrawn environmental resource accounts to be affordable far into the future without bankrupting those accounts. They may show profit on the balance sheets of our generation, but our children will inherit the losses. We borrow environmental capital from future generations with no intention or prospect of repaying. They may blame us for our wasteful ways, but they can never collect on our debt to them. We act as we do because we can get away with it: future generations do not vote; they have no political or financial power; they cannot challenge our decisions.

① 환경 문제를 해결하기 위한 세대 간 협력이 중요하다.

② 인류의 발전은 다양한 환경 자원의 개발에 달려 있다.

③ 미래의 환경 문제에 대비한 국제 사회의 공조가 필요하다.

④ 선진국들은 경제력을 기반으로 환경 자원을 선점하고 있다.

⑤ 현세대는 미래 세대에 대한 고려 없이 환경 자원을 남용하고 있다.

유형 풀어보기

1. 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?

It is meaningless to say that an invention was possible but that it did not occur; if it did not take place, in what sense was it possible? An invention is like a shower of rain. When certain meteorological factors and conditions are present and in proper conjunction rain will fall; when they are not present or in proper conjunction it will not rain. There is no difference here between possibility and inevitability. It is the same with inventions. When certain cultural elements and conditions are present and in proper conjunction, an invention will take place; when they are not, the invention will not occur. The numerous instances of inventions or discoveries being made simultaneously by persons working independently of one another illustrate this point: when the interactive stream of cultural development has reached a certain point, multiple and simultaneous expressions will result.

*conjunction 결합, 연결

① 과학기술을 장려하는 문화에서 발명이 활성화된다.

② 모든 위대한 발명이 끈질긴 노력의 결과는 아니다.

③ 발명은 문화 발전이 만들어내는 필연적 결과물이다.

④ 과학적 발견은 흔히 실용적인 발명품으로 이어진다.

⑤ 동일한 발명이 동시에 이루어지는 일은 극히 드물다.

2. 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?

In the days before the collapse of Communism it was said that what most differentiated the free world from the totalitarian regimes was its respect for the individual and his or her right to be different. Nowadays, however, people are wondering whether this individuality might be an illusion. Looking at a representative sample in any street I can see a uniform just as anonymous as the gray-clad masses of the Soviet Union. Yes, fashion has become the dictatorship of the Western World. Young people have coined the phrase “fashion victim” for anyone who slavishly follows the latest trends regardless of their practicality or purpose. But are we not all fashion victims?

*totalitarian 전체주의의

① 어느 사회에서든지 개인의 권리는 존중되어야 한다.

② 젊은 사람들은 맹목적으로 패션을 쫓는 경향이 강하다.

③ 패션을 주도하는 기업은 사회적인 책임을 인식해야 한다.

④ 남을 의식하지 않고 자신의 개성을 표현하는 것이 중요하다.

⑤ 요즘, 서구 세계는 개성을 실종한 채 패션의 지배를 받고 있다.

3. 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?

If you’ve been paying attention, you’ve probably noticed that grammar and punctuation are now of little concern to many citizens. It’s not uncommon to see “10 items or less” when “10 items or fewer” is correct. Or “childrens’” when “children’s” is correct. Because of inadequate education and indifference, English is not what it used to be. Nevertheless, some people see writing errors and become very upset. They expect people to understand the importance of Standard English. Sadly, they are setting themselves up for a lifetime of frustration. Don’t be just like them. Get used to the idea that there are lots of examples of poor writing. You can

find them in advertisements, newspaper columns, magazine articles, and even scholarly papers.

① 학력 저하 현상은 교육에 대한 무관심 때문에 초래되었다.

② 영어는 사용자가 워낙 많아서 표준어가 존재하지 않는다.

③ 영어를 잘하기 위해서는 오류를 최소한으로 줄여야 한다.

④ 표준 영어를 써야만 한다는 강박관념에 얽매이지 말아야 한다.

⑤ 대중매체에 사용된 잘못된 영어 표현은 즉시 수정되어야 한다.

4. 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?

Everyone is born with tremendous intellectual potential, natural passion, and lovingness, but these qualities have become blocked and obscured in adults as a result of accumulated distressing experiences. Any young person would recover from such distress easily by use of the natural process of emotional discharge like crying, trembling, laughing, etc. However, this natural process is usually interfered with by well-meaning people who equate the emotional discharge with the hurt itself. When adequate emotional discharge can take place, the person is freed from the rigid pattern of behavior and feeling left by the hurt. The basic loving, cooperative, intelligent, and passionate nature is then free to operate.

① 선의의 충고도 상대방에게 상처를 줄 수 있다.

② 고통은 자연스러운 감정 표출을 통해 치유될 수 있다.

③ 도덕적 기준은 어릴 때부터 교육하는 것이 효과적이다.

④ 과거의 고통스런 경험은 성공적인 인간관계의 바탕이 된다.

⑤ 솔직한 대화를 통한 공감대 형성이 상담의 성패를 좌우한다.

5. 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은? [3점]

The police in the United Kingdom are normally unarmed, whereas in the United States policemen are normally armed. Where the police are not normally armed, many criminals will not arm themselves since armed robbery often carries a higher sentence. Once the police are armed, criminals who do not match the police’s capability operate under a strong disadvantage. Therefore, when the police become armed, the criminal world fully arms itself in response. The mere fact of increased weapons possession by both police and criminals will in itself result in higher use. Arming the police causes a spiral of violence. It can’t be an effective restraint to criminal behavior. Therefore, no doubt a police force should not be normally armed.

① 무기를 소지하는 범죄자에 대한 처벌을 더욱 강화해야 한다.

② 경찰의 무장에 관해 기준을 제시하는 법률이 마련되어야 한다.

③ 늘어나는 범죄에 대처하기 위해 경찰은 평상시에 무장해야 한다.

④ 경찰을 중심으로 한 무장 강도 제압 훈련이 더욱 강화되어야 한다.

⑤ 경찰의 평상시 무장은 악영향을 초래하므로 무장해서는 안 된다.

구문 풀어보기

C. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

When our corporation was acquired by a European company, I was asked      ① working with a team of overseas consultants who would determine the future of our business. It was a great opportunity ② to be noticed by the new corporate management team. For weeks I was ready to do what they wanted, taking pains   ③ to provide them with all the data they needed. One morning while I was working ④ hard, the head consultant stepped into my office. “I understand that you are the key expert here,” he said as he shook my hand. Flattered by such recognition, I thanked him and launched into a description of all the effort I had expended. “You don’t understand,” he interrupted, ⑤ holding up a key. “I can’t unlock my office door.”