2017-11 고2 모의고사 변형문제

영어카페789

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변형 ➪ 빈칸 - 글순서 - 문장넣기 - 어법 - 어휘 - 연결어구 - 내용(불)일치 - 제목 - 주제 - 요지 - 요약 - 심경 - 지시어 ----------------- 2015-05-05

수능특강

HTTP://CAFE.NAVER.COM/EC789

변형 ➪ 빈칸 - 글순서 - 문장넣기 - 어법 - 어휘 - 연결어구 - 내용(불)일치 - 제목 - 주제 - 요지 - 요약 - 심경 - 지시어 ------------SEVEN 8 NINE

영어카페789

HTTP://CAFE.NAVER.COM/EC789

변형 ➪ 빈칸 - 순서 - 위치 - 어법 - 어휘 - 연결어구 - 내용(불)일치 - 제목 - 주제 - 요지 - 요약 - 서술형 - 심경 - 지시어 ------------SEVEN 8 NINE

영어카페789

고2 모의고사 2017년 11월

HTTP://CAFE.NAVER.COM/EC789

변형 ➪ 빈칸 - 순서 - 위치 - 어법 - 어휘 - 연결어구 - 내용(불)일치 - 제목 - 주제 - 요지 - 요약 - 서술형 - 심경 - 지시어 ------------SEVEN 8 NINE

(A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에 알맞은 표현으로 적절한 것은? <18>

②

To whom it may concern:

I am writing this email (A) [concerning / concerned] one of your products. The image on your product “Indian Green” soup is not of an Indian dance but a Korean one. The image shows Buchaechum, a traditional Korean fan dance. It is clear that in the image the dancers are wearing traditional Korean dress. I searched online for images of an Indian fan dance, and of course, it looks (B) [much / very] different from a Korean one. I know your company is putting a lot of effort into presenting authentic flavors, but I’m afraid that this one small mistake could damage your company’s reputation. I sincerely hope that you (C) [correct / collect] this as soon as possible.

Sincerely,
Susan Lee

	(A)		(B)		(C)
①	concerned	…	much	…	correct
②	concerning	…	very	…	correct
③	concerned	…	very	…	correct
④	concerning	…	very	…	collect
⑤	concerned	…	much	…	collect

밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓔ 중, 문맥 또는 어법상 적절하지 않은 것은? <18>

③

To whom it may concern:

I am writing this email concerning one of you're ⓐ products. The image on your product “Indian Green” soup is not of an Indian dance ⓑ but a Korean one. The image shows Buchaechum, a traditional Korean fan dance. It is clear that in the image the dancers are wearing traditional Korean dress. I searched online for images of an Indian fan dance, and of course, it looks very ⓒ indifferent from a Korean ⓓ one. I know your company is putting a lot of effort into presenting authentic flavors, but I’m afraid that this one small mistake could damage your company’s reputation. I sincerely hope that you correct this as soon as ⓔ you can.

Sincerely,
Susan Lee

① ⓐ        ② ⓑ        ③ ⓒ        ④ ⓓ        ⑤ ⓔ

밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓒ 부분을 어법과 문맥에 맞게 고쳐 쓰시오. <18>

ⓐ products ⓑ It ⓒ flavors

To whom it may concern:

I am writing this email concerning one of you're ⓐ product. The image on your product “Indian Green” soup is not of an Indian dance but a Korean one. The image shows Buchaechum, a traditional Korean fan dance. ⓑ This is clear that in the image the dancers are wearing traditional Korean dress. I searched online for images of an Indian fan dance, and of course, it looks very different from a Korean one. I know your company is putting a lot of effort into presenting authentic ⓒ favors, but I’m afraid that this one small mistake could damage your company’s reputation. I sincerely hope that you correct this as soon as possible.

Sincerely,
Susan Lee

ⓐ →

ⓑ →

ⓒ →

밑줄 친 빈칸에 공통으로 들어갈 한 단어를 쓰시오. <18>

one

To whom it may concern:

I am writing this email concerning ______ of your products. The image on your product “Indian Green” soup is not of an Indian dance but a Korean ______. The image shows Buchaechum, a traditional Korean fan dance. It is clear that in the image the dancers are wearing traditional Korean dress. I searched online for images of an Indian fan dance, and of course, it looks very different from a Korean ______. I know your company is putting a lot of effort into presenting authentic flavors, but I’m afraid that this ______ small mistake could damage your company’s reputation. I sincerely hope that you correct this as soon as possible.

Sincerely,
Susan Lee

↠

(A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에 알맞은 표현으로 적절한 것은? <19>

④

The wind continued to blow harder. He couldn’t measure it by any conscious process, (A) [so / but] he knew somehow that it was blowing harder.  Not far away a tree was uprooted.  Other trees were falling, spinning and criss-crossing like matches.  He was amazed at the power of the wind.  The tree he was  (B) [holding / held] onto was swaying dangerously. Nearby, a woman was wailing and clutching a little girl, who in turn hung on to her cat. The sea washed across the strip of sand. He saw the silhouettes of people (C) [to huddle / huddled] together against the churning white of the lagoon. Things were getting worse every second. * lagoon: 석호(潟湖)

	(A)		(B)		(C)
①	so	…	held	…	to huddle
②	but	…	held	…	huddled
③	so	…	holding	…	huddled
④	but	…	holding	…	huddled
⑤	so	…	holding	…	to huddle

글의 흐름상, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 적절한 곳을 고르시오. <19>

②

Other trees were falling, spinning and criss-crossing like matches.

The wind continued to blow harder. (□) He couldn’t measure it by any conscious process, but he knew somehow that it was blowing harder. Not far away a tree was uprooted. (□)  He was amazed at the power of the wind. The tree he was holding onto was swaying dangerously. (□) Nearby, a woman was wailing and clutching a little girl, who in turn hung on to her cat. The sea washed across the strip of sand. (□) He saw the silhouettes of people huddled together against the churning white of the lagoon. (□)  Things were getting worse every second. * lagoon: 석호(潟湖)

① (□)      ② (□)      ③ (□)      ④ (□)      ⑤ (□)

밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓔ 중, 문맥 또는 어법상 적절하지 않은 것은? <19>

②

The wind continued to blow harder. He couldn’t measure it by any conscious process, but he knew somehow ⓐ that it was blowing harder. Not far away a tree was uprooted. Other trees were ⓑ felling, spinning and criss-crossing like matches. He was ⓒ amazed at the power of the wind. The tree he was holding onto was swaying dangerously. Nearby, a woman was wailing and clutching a little girl, who in turn ⓓ hung on to her cat. The sea washed across the strip of sand. He saw the silhouettes of people huddled together against the churning white of the lagoon. Things were getting ⓔ worse every second. * lagoon: 석호(潟湖)

① ⓐ        ② ⓑ        ③ ⓒ        ④ ⓓ        ⑤ ⓔ

밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓒ 부분을 어법과 문맥에 맞게 고쳐 쓰시오. <19>

ⓐ Other ⓑ dangerously ⓒ washed

The wind continued to blow harder. He couldn’t measure it by any conscious process, but he knew somehow that it was blowing harder. Not far away a tree was uprooted. ⓐ The other trees were falling, spinning and criss-crossing like matches. He was amazed at the power of the wind. The tree he was holding onto was swaying ⓑ dangerous. Nearby, a woman was wailing and clutching a little girl, who in turn hung on to her cat. The sea ⓒ was washed across the strip of sand. He saw the silhouettes of people huddled together against the churning white of the lagoon. Things were getting worse every second. * lagoon: 석호(潟湖)

ⓐ →

ⓑ →

ⓒ →

(A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에 알맞은 표현으로 적절한 것은? <20>

①

Are you a ‘rushaholic’? Do you happen to live in a fast-paced city, (A) [which / where] you feel in a constant hurry? A recent poll of over 1,000 Americans found that nearly half felt they lacked enough time in daily life. ‘Time famine’ ― the feeling of having too much to do and not enough time to do it ― is the cause of unnecessary stress and (B) [reducing / reduced] performance. We all tend to rush when we have so many things to do, and that negatively affects our performance. Doing things quickly actually ends up slowing you down, such as when you rush out of your house only to realize you forgot your keys, phone, or wallet on the kitchen table. Driving faster will not get you to your destination any sooner. Assuming that by doing things faster you will get more (C) [done / to do] is a trap.

	(A)		(B)		(C)
①	where	…	reduced	…	done
②	which	…	reduced	…	done
③	where	…	reduced	…	to do
④	which	…	reducing	…	to do
⑤	where	…	reducing	…	to do

밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓔ 중, 문맥 또는 어법상 적절하지 않은 것은? <20>

③

Are you a ‘rushaholic’? Do you happen ⓐ to live in a fast-paced city, where you feel in a constant hurry? A recent poll of over 1,000 Americans found ⓑ that nearly half felt they lacked enough time in daily life. ‘Time famine’ ― the feeling of having too much to do and not enough time to do it ― is the cause of ⓒ necessary stress and reduced performance. We all tend to rush when we have so many things to do, and that negatively affects our performance. Doing things quickly actually ends up ⓓ slowing you down, such as when you rush out of your house only to realize you forgot your keys, phone, or wallet on the kitchen table. Driving faster will not get you to your destination any sooner. ⓔ Assuming that by doing things faster you will get more done is a trap.

① ⓐ        ② ⓑ        ③ ⓒ        ④ ⓓ        ⑤ ⓔ

밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓒ 부분을 어법과 문맥에 맞게 고쳐 쓰시오. <20>

ⓐ that ⓑ do ⓒ any

Are you a ‘rushaholic’? Do you happen to live in a fast-paced city, where you feel in a constant hurry? A recent poll of over 1,000 Americans found ⓐ what nearly half felt they lacked enough time in daily life. ‘Time famine’ ― the feeling of having too much to do and not enough time to do it ― is the cause of unnecessary stress and reduced performance. We all tend to rush when we have so many things to ⓑ doing, and that negatively affects our performance. Doing things quickly actually ends up slowing you down, such as when you rush out of your house only to realize you forgot your keys, phone, or wallet on the kitchen table. Driving faster will not get you to your destination ⓒ no sooner. Assuming that by doing things faster you will get more done is a trap.

ⓐ →

ⓑ →

ⓒ →

빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 아래 박스에서 고르시오. <20>

(A)-② (B)-③ (C)-①

Are you a ‘rushaholic’? Do you happen to live in a fast-paced city, where you feel in ___(A)___? A recent poll of over 1,000 Americans found that nearly half felt they lacked enough time in daily life. ‘Time famine’ ― the feeling of having too much to do and not enough time to do it ― is the cause of unnecessary stress and reduced performance. We all tend to rush when we have so many things to do, and that ___(B)___. Doing things quickly actually ends up slowing you down, such as when you rush out of your house only to realize you forgot your keys, phone, or wallet on the kitchen table. Driving faster will not get you to your destination any sooner. Assuming that by doing things faster you will get more done is ___(C)___.

① a trap

② a constant hurry

③ negatively affects our performance

주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. <20>

③

Are you a ‘rushaholic’? Do you happen to live in a fast-paced city, where you feel in a constant hurry?

(A) Driving faster will not get you to your destination any sooner. Assuming that by doing things faster you will get more done is a trap.

(B) A recent poll of over 1,000 Americans found that nearly half felt they lacked enough time in daily life. ‘Time famine’ ― the feeling of having too much to do and not enough time to do it ― is the cause of unnecessary stress and reduced performance.

(C) We all tend to rush when we have so many things to do, and that negatively affects our performance. Doing things quickly actually ends up slowing you down, such as when you rush out of your house only to realize you forgot your keys, phone, or wallet on the kitchen table.

① (A)－(C)－(B)	② (B)－(A)－(C)	③ (B)－(C)－(A)

④ (C)－(A)－(B)	⑤ (C)－(B)－(A)

글의 흐름상, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 적절한 곳을 고르시오. <20>

③

We all tend to rush when we have so many things to do, and that negatively affects our performance.

Are you a ‘rushaholic’? Do you happen to live in a fast-paced city, where you feel in a constant hurry? (□) A recent poll of over 1,000 Americans found that nearly half felt they lacked enough time in daily life. (□) ‘Time famine’ ― the feeling of having too much to do and not enough time to do it ― is the cause of unnecessary stress and reduced performance. (□) Doing things quickly actually ends up slowing you down, such as when you rush out of your house only to realize you forgot your keys, phone, or wallet on the kitchen table. (□) Driving faster will not get you to your destination any sooner. (□) Assuming that by doing things faster you will get more done is a trap.

① (□)      ② (□)      ③ (□)      ④ (□)      ⑤ (□)

(A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에 알맞은 표현으로 적절한 것은? <21>

⑤

The trio of freeze, flight, and fight are (A) [fair / fairly] universal behavioral defensive reactions in mammals and other vertebrate species. But some species have other options available, such as “playing dead,” which is also called tonic immobility. Like freezing, this behavior can help prevent attack, but whereas in freezing muscles are contracted and poised to (B) [being / be] used in fight or flight, in tonic immobility the muscles of the body are relaxed. Another such response is defensive burying: Rodents will use their paws and head to shovel dirt toward an aversive stimulus. Other behavioral options include making loud noises, retreating into a shell, rolling into a tight ball, choosing to live in a predator-free area such as underground, or (C) [relying / rely] on safety in numbers by living in a group.

	(A)		(B)		(C)
①	fairly	…	being	…	rely
②	fair	…	being	…	rely
③	fairly	…	be	…	rely
④	fair	…	be	…	relying
⑤	fairly	…	be	…	relying

밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓔ 중, 문맥 또는 어법상 적절하지 않은 것은? <21>

③

The trio of freeze, flight, and fight are fairly universal behavioral defensive reactions in mammals and ⓐother vertebrate species. But some species have other options available, such as “playing dead,” ⓑwhich is also called tonic immobility. Like freezing, this behavior can help prevent attack, but whereas in freezing muscles are contracted and ⓒpoising to be used in fight or flight, in tonic immobility the muscles of the body are relaxed. Another such response is defensive burying: Rodents will use their paws and head ⓓto shovel dirt toward an aversive stimulus. Other behavioral options include making loud noises, retreating into a shell, rolling into a tight ball, choosing to live in a predator-free area such as underground, ⓔor relying on safety in numbers by living in a group.

① ⓐ        ② ⓑ        ③ ⓒ        ④ ⓓ        ⑤ ⓔ

주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. <21>

④

The trio of freeze, flight, and fight are fairly universal behavioral defensive reactions in mammals and other vertebrate species. But some species have other options available, such as “playing dead,” which is also called tonic immobility.

(A) Another such response is defensive burying: Rodents will use their paws and head to shovel dirt toward an aversive stimulus.

(B)  Other behavioral options include making loud noises, retreating into a shell, rolling into a tight ball, choosing to live in a predator-free area such as underground, or relying on safety in numbers by living in a group.

(C) Like freezing, this behavior can help prevent attack, but whereas in freezing muscles are contracted and poised to be used in fight or flight, in tonic immobility the muscles of the body are relaxed.

① (A)－(C)－(B)	② (B)－(A)－(C)	③ (B)－(C)－(A)

④ (C)－(A)－(B)	⑤ (C)－(B)－(A)

(A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에 알맞은 표현으로 적절한 것은? <22>

②

Katherine Schreiber and Leslie Sim, experts on exercise addiction, recognized that smartwatches and fitness trackers have probably inspired sedentary people (A) [taking / to take] up exercise, and encouraged people who aren’t very active to exercise more consistently. But they were convinced the devices were also quite dangerous. Schreiber explained that focusing on numbers separates people from being in tune with (B) [their / its] body. Exercising becomes mindless, which is ‘the goal’ of addiction. This ‘goal’ that she mentioned is a sort of automatic mindlessness, the outsourcing of decision making to a device. She recently sustained a stress fracture in her foot because she (C) [agreed / refused] to listen to her overworked body, instead continuing to run toward an unreasonable workout target. Schreiber has suffered from addictive exercise tendencies, and vows not to use wearable tech when she works out.

	(A)		(B)		(C)
①	taking	…	their	…	agreed
②	to take	…	their	…	refused
③	taking	…	their	…	refused
④	to take	…	its	…	refused
⑤	taking	…	its	…	agreed

글의 흐름상, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 적절한 곳을 고르시오. <22>

③

Exercising becomes mindless, which is ‘the goal’ of addiction.

Katherine Schreiber and Leslie Sim, experts on exercise addiction, recognized that smartwatches and fitness trackers have probably inspired sedentary people to take up exercise, and encouraged people who aren’t very active to exercise more consistently. (□) But they were convinced the devices were also quite dangerous. (□) Schreiber explained that focusing on numbers separates people from being in tune with their body. (□) This ‘goal’ that she mentioned is a sort of automatic mindlessness, the outsourcing of decision making to a device. (□) She recently sustained a stress fracture in her foot because she refused to listen to her overworked body, instead continuing to run toward an unreasonable workout target. (□) Schreiber has suffered from addictive exercise tendencies, and vows not to use wearable tech when she works out.

① (□)      ② (□)      ③ (□)      ④ (□)      ⑤ (□)

밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓔ 중, 문맥 또는 어법상 적절하지 않은 것은? <22>

④

Katherine Schreiber and Leslie Sim, experts on exercise addiction, recognized ⓐthat smartwatches and fitness trackers have probably inspired sedentary people to take up exercise, and encouraged people who aren’t very active to exercise more consistently. But they were ⓑconvinced the devices were also quite dangerous. Schreiber explained that focusing on numbers separates people from ⓒbeing in tune with their body. Exercising becomes mindless, which is ‘the goal’ of addiction. This ‘goal’ that she mentioned is a sort of automatic mindlessness, the outsourcing of decision making to a device. She recently sustained a stress fracture in her foot because she refused to listen to her ⓓoverworking body, instead continuing to run toward an unreasonable workout target. Schreiber has suffered from addictive exercise tendencies, and vows ⓔnot to use wearable tech when she works out.

① ⓐ        ② ⓑ        ③ ⓒ        ④ ⓓ        ⑤ ⓔ

주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. <22>

①

Katherine Schreiber and Leslie Sim, experts on exercise addiction, recognized that smartwatches and fitness trackers have probably inspired sedentary people to take up exercise, and encouraged people who aren’t very active to exercise more consistently.

(A) But they were convinced the devices were also quite dangerous. Schreiber explained that focusing on numbers separates people from being in tune with their body. Exercising becomes mindless, which is ‘the goal’ of addiction.

(B) She recently sustained a stress fracture in her foot because she refused to listen to her overworked body, instead continuing to run toward an unreasonable workout target. Schreiber has suffered from addictive exercise tendencies, and vows not to use wearable tech when she works out.

(C) This ‘goal’ that she mentioned is a sort of automatic mindlessness, the outsourcing of decision making to a device.

① (A)－(C)－(B)	② (B)－(A)－(C)	③ (B)－(C)－(A)

④ (C)－(A)－(B)	⑤ (C)－(B)－(A)

(A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에 알맞은 표현으로 적절한 것은? <23>

②

Your sense of smell links you directly with your feelings, instincts and memories. Scents have the power to stimulate states of well-being. By utilizing aromas in your daily habits, you can enjoy the (A) [disadvantages / advantages] of an intense state of health. Find a scent that you like and inhale its perfume at times when you’re feeling calmed and at peace. Perhaps it’s the incense that you burn during meditation, a torch that (B) [your / you] light during a calming bath, or an aromatic oil spray that you put on your cushion before bedtime. In time, your body will connect these relaxed feelings with the usage of that specific scent. When you encounter a moment of stress, you can smell the aroma that you connect with a state of relax and (C) [that / which] will produce a calming response throughout your whole body.

	(A)		(B)		(C)
①	disadvantages	…	your	…	that
②	advantages	…	you	…	that
③	disadvantages	…	you	…	that
④	advantages	…	you	…	which
⑤	disadvantages	…	your	…	which

밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓔ 중, 문맥 또는 어법상 적절하지 않은 것은? <23>

④

Your sense of smell links you directly with your feelings, instincts and memories. Scents have the power ⓐto stimulate states of well-being. By utilizing aromas in your daily habits, you can enjoy the advantages of an intense state of health. ⓑFind a scent that you like and inhale its perfume at times when you’re feeling ⓒcalmed and at peace. Perhaps it’s the incense that you burn during meditation, a torch that you light during a calming bath, or an aromatic oil spray that you ⓓare put on your cushion before bedtime. In time, your body will connect these relaxed feelings with the usage of that specific scent. When you encounter a moment of stress, you can smell the aroma that you connect with a state of relax and that will produce a ⓔcalming response throughout your whole body.

① ⓐ        ② ⓑ        ③ ⓒ        ④ ⓓ        ⑤ ⓔ

글의 흐름상, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 적절한 곳을 고르시오. <23>

⑤

In time, your body will connect these relaxed feelings with the usage of that specific scent.

Your sense of smell links you directly with your feelings, instincts and memories. (□) Scents have the power to stimulate states of well-being. (□)By utilizing aromas in your daily habits, you can enjoy the advantages of an intense state of health.  (□) Find a scent that you like and inhale its perfume at times when you’re feeling calmed and at peace. (□) Perhaps it’s the incense that you burn during meditation, a torch that you light during a calming bath, or an aromatic oil spray that you put on your cushion before bedtime. (□) When you encounter a moment of stress, you can smell the aroma that you connect with a state of relax and that will produce a calming response throughout your whole body.

① (□)      ② (□)      ③ (□)      ④ (□)      ⑤ (□)

주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. <23>

③

Your sense of smell links you directly with your feelings, instincts and memories. Scents have the power to stimulate states of well-being.

(A) When you encounter a moment of stress, you can smell the aroma that you connect with a state of relax and that will produce a calming response throughout your whole body.

(B) By utilizing aromas in your daily habits, you can enjoy the advantages of an intense state of health. Find a scent that you like and inhale its perfume at times when you’re feeling calmed and at peace.

(C) Perhaps it’s the incense that you burn during meditation, a torch that you light during a calming bath, or an aromatic oil spray that you put on your cushion before bedtime. In time, your body will connect these relaxed feelings with the usage of that specific scent.

① (A)－(C)－(B)	② (B)－(A)－(C)	③ (B)－(C)－(A)

④ (C)－(A)－(B)	⑤ (C)－(B)－(A)

다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은? <23>

③

Your sense of smell links you directly with your feelings, instincts and memories. Scents have the power to stimulate states of well-being. By utilizing aromas in your daily habits, you can enjoy the advantages of an intense state of health. ①Find a scent that you like and inhale its perfume at times when you’re feeling calmed and at peace. ② Perhaps it’s the incense that you burn during meditation, a torch that you light during a calming bath, or an aromatic oil spray that you put on your cushion before bedtime. ③  Sometimes the odor that you encounter makes you disgusted, so you avoid it. ④ In time, your body will connect these relaxed feelings with the usage of that specific scent. ⑤ When you encounter a moment of stress, you can smell the aroma that you connect with a state of relax and that will produce a calming response throughout your whole body.

① ⓐ        ② ⓑ        ③ ⓒ        ④ ⓓ        ⑤ ⓔ

(A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에 알맞은 표현으로 적절한 것은? <25>

①

Francis Crick, the Nobel Prize-winning codiscoverer of the structure of the DNA molecule, was born in Northampton, England in 1916. He attended University College London, where he studied physics, (A) [graduating / graduated] with a Bachelor of Science degree in 1937. He soon began conducting research toward a Ph.D., but his path was interrupted by the outbreak of World War Ⅱ. During the war, he was involved in naval weapons research, (B)  [working  /  worked] on the development of magnetic and acoustic mines. After the war, Dr. R. V. Jones, the head of Britain’s wartime scientific intelligence, asked Crick to continue the work, but Crick decided to continue his studies, this time in biology. In 1951, Crick met James Watson, a young American biologist, at the Strangeways Research Laboratory. They formed a collaborative working relationship (C) [solving / that solving] the mysteries of the structure of DNA.

	(A)		(B)		(C)
①	graduating	…	working	…	solving
②	graduated	…	working	…	solving
③	graduating	…	working	…	that solving
④	graduated	…	worked	…	that solving
⑤	graduating	…	worked	…	that solving

밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓔ 중, 문맥 또는 어법상 적절하지 않은 것은? <25>

②

Francis Crick, the Nobel Prize-winning codiscoverer of the structure of the DNA molecule, was born in Northampton, England in 1916. He ⓐattended University College London, ⓑwhich he studied physics, graduating with a Bachelor of Science degree in 1937. He soon began conducting research toward a Ph.D., but his path was interrupted by the outbreak of World War Ⅱ. During the war, he was ⓒinvolved in naval weapons research, working on the development of magnetic and acoustic mines. After the war, Dr. R. V. Jones, the head of Britain’s wartime scientific intelligence, ⓓasked Crick to continue the work, but Crick decided ⓔto continue his studies, this time in biology. In 1951, Crick met James Watson, a young American biologist, at the Strangeways Research Laboratory. They formed a collaborative working relationship solving the mysteries of the structure of DNA.

① ⓐ        ② ⓑ        ③ ⓒ        ④ ⓓ        ⑤ ⓔ

글의 흐름상, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 적절한 곳을 고르시오. <25>

⑤

They formed a collaborative working relationship solving the mysteries of the structure of DNA.

Francis Crick, the Nobel Prize-winning codiscoverer of the structure of the DNA molecule, was born in Northampton, England in 1916. He attended University College London, where he studied physics, graduating with a Bachelor of Science degree in 1937. (□) He soon began conducting research toward a Ph.D., but his path was interrupted by the outbreak of World War Ⅱ. (□) During the war, he was involved in naval weapons research, working on the development of magnetic and acoustic mines. (□) After the war, Dr. R. V. Jones, the head of Britain’s wartime scientific intelligence, asked Crick to continue the work, but Crick decided to continue his studies, this time in biology. (□) In 1951, Crick met James Watson, a young American biologist, at the Strangeways Research Laboratory. (□)

① (□)      ② (□)      ③ (□)      ④ (□)      ⑤ (□)

밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓒ 부분을 어법과 문맥에 맞게 고쳐 쓰시오. <25>

ⓐ was born ⓑ was interrupted ⓒ to continue

Francis Crick, the Nobel Prize-winning codiscoverer of the structure of the DNA molecule, ⓐ bore in Northampton, England in 1916. He attended University College London, where he studied physics, graduating with a Bachelor of Science degree in 1937. He soon began conducting research toward a Ph.D., but his path ⓑ interrupted by the outbreak of World War Ⅱ. During the war, he was involved in naval weapons research, working on the development of magnetic and acoustic mines. After the war, Dr. R. V. Jones, the head of Britain’s wartime scientific intelligence, asked Crick ⓒ continue the work, but Crick decided to continue his studies, this time in biology. In 1951, Crick met James Watson, a young American biologist, at the Strangeways Research Laboratory. They formed a collaborative working relationship solving the mysteries of the structure of DNA.

ⓐ →

ⓑ →

ⓒ →

주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. <28>

②

What comes to mind when we think about time? Let us go back to 4,000 B.C. in ancient China where some early clocks were invented.

(A) Many temples burnt down in those days. The priests were obviously not too happy about that until someone invented a clock made of water buckets. It worked by punching holes in a large bucket full of water, with markings representing the hours, to allow water to flow out at a constant rate.

(B) To demonstrate the idea of time to temple students, Chinese priests used to dangle a rope from the temple ceiling with knots representing the hours. They would light it with a flame from the bottom so that it burnt evenly, indicating the passage of time.

(C) The temple students would then measure time by how fast the bucket drained. It was much better than burning ropes for sure, but more importantly, it taught the students that once time was gone, it could never be recovered.

① (A)－(C)－(B)	② (B)－(A)－(C)	③ (B)－(C)－(A)

④ (C)－(A)－(B)	⑤ (C)－(B)－(A)

글의 흐름상, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 적절한 곳을 고르시오. <28>

③

The priests were obviously not too happy about that until someone invented a clock made of water buckets.

What comes to mind when we think about time? Let us go back to 4,000 B.C. in ancient China where some early clocks were invented. (□) To demonstrate the idea of time to temple students, Chinese priests used to dangle a rope from the temple ceiling with knots representing the hours. (□) They would light it with a flame from the bottom so that it burnt evenly, indicating the passage of time. Many temples burnt down in those days. (□) It worked by punching holes in a large bucket full of water, with markings representing the hours, to allow water to flow out at a constant rate. (□) The temple students would then measure time by how fast the bucket drained. (□) It was much better than burning ropes for sure, but more importantly, it taught the students that once time was gone, it could never be recovered.

① (□)      ② (□)      ③ (□)      ④ (□)      ⑤ (□)

(A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에 알맞은 표현으로 적절한 것은? <28>

②

What comes to mind when we think about time? Let us go back to 4,000 B.C. in ancient China where some early clocks were invented. To demonstrate the idea of time to temple students, Chinese priests (A) [were used / used] to dangle a rope from the temple ceiling with knots representing the hours. They would light it with a flame from the bottom so that it burnt evenly, indicating the passage of time. Many temples burnt down in those days. The priests were obviously not too happy about that (B) [until / after] someone invented a clock made of water buckets. It worked by punching holes in a large bucket full of water, with markings representing the hours, to allow water to flow out at a constant rate. The temple students would then measure time by (C) [however / how] fast the bucket drained. It was much better than burning ropes for sure, but more importantly, it taught the students that once time was gone, it could never be recovered.

	(A)		(B)		(C)
①	were used	…	after	…	how
②	used	…	until	…	how
③	were used	…	until	…	how
④	used	…	until	…	however
⑤	were used	…	after	…	however

밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓔ 중, 문맥 또는 어법상 적절하지 않은 것은? <28>

④

What comes to mind when we think about time? Let us go back to 4,000 B.C. in ancient China ⓐwhere some early clocks were invented. To demonstrate the idea of time to temple students, Chinese priests used to dangle a rope from the temple ceiling with knots ⓑrepresenting the hours. They would light it with a flame from the bottom so that it burnt ⓒevenly, indicating the passage of time. Many temples burnt down in those days. The priests were obviously not too happy about that until someone invented a clock made of water buckets. It worked by punching holes in a large bucket full of water, with markings ⓓrepresented the hours, to allow water to flow out at a constant rate. The temple students would then measure time by how fast the bucket drained. It was ⓔmuch better than burning ropes for sure, but more importantly, it taught the students that once time was gone, it could never be recovered.

① ⓐ        ② ⓑ        ③ ⓒ        ④ ⓓ        ⑤ ⓔ

❖ 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오. <28>

What comes to mind when we think about time? Let us go back to 4,000 B.C. in ancient China where some early clocks were invented. To demonstrate the idea of time to temple students, Chinese priests used to dangle a rope from the temple ceiling with knots representing the hours. (A) (They / so that / would  / burnt / light / it / from / with / of / time / a flame / the bottom / it / indicating / the passage / evenly,). Many temples burnt down in those days. The priests were obviously not too happy about that until someone invented a clock made of water buckets. It worked by punching holes (B) (in a large bucket full of water), with markings representing the hours, to allow water to flow out at a constant rate. The temple students would then measure time by how fast the bucket drained. It was much better than burning ropes for sure, but more importantly, it taught the students that once time was gone, it could never be recovered.

밑줄 친 (A)의 괄호 안에 주어진 낱말들을 어법과 문맥에 맞게 배열하시오.

They would light it with a flame from the bottom so that it burnt evenly, indicating the passage of time

↠

□□▶ 그들은 시간의 경과를 보여주면서 그것(밧줄)이 균등하게 타도록 아래부터 그것에 불을 붙였다.

밑줄 친 (B)와 같은 의미가 되도록 빈칸에 알맞은 말을 쓰시오.

that[which] was full

↠ in a large bucket full of water
= in a large bucket _______ _____ _____ of water

글의 흐름상, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 적절한 곳을 고르시오. <29>

②

This is why many people who suffer from depression are also found sleeping in and having no motivation to go outside or exercise.

A lot of people find that physical movement can sometimes dispel negative feelings. (□) If we are feeling negative, it can be very easy for us to stop wanting to stay active in our everyday life. (□) Unfortunately, this lack of exercise can actually compound many negative emotions. (□) Exercise and movement is a great way for us to start getting rid of negative energies. (□) Many people find that when they are angry, they go into a state where they want to exercise or clean. (□) This is actually a very healthy and positive thing for you to do and a great way for you to begin to deconstruct your negative emotions so that they no longer affect your life and harm your relationships.

① (□)      ② (□)      ③ (□)      ④ (□)      ⑤ (□)

주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. <29>

③

A lot of people find that physical movement can sometimes dispel negative feelings.

(A) This is actually a very healthy and positive thing for you to do and a great way for you to begin to deconstruct your negative emotions so that they no longer affect your life and harm your relationships.

(B) If we are feeling negative, it can be very easy for us to stop wanting to stay active in our everyday life. This is why many people who suffer from depression are also found sleeping in and having no motivation to go outside or exercise.

(C) Unfortunately, this lack of exercise can actually compound many negative emotions. Exercise and movement is a great way for us to start getting rid of negative energies. Many people find that when they are angry, they go into a state where they want to exercise or clean.

① (A)－(C)－(B)	② (B)－(A)－(C)	③ (B)－(C)－(A)

④ (C)－(A)－(B)	⑤ (C)－(B)－(A)

(A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에 알맞은 표현으로 적절한 것은? <29>

④

A lot of people find that physical movement can sometimes dispel negative feelings. If we are feeling negative, it can be very easy for us to stop (A) [to want / wanting] to stay active in our everyday life. This is why many people who suffer from depression are also found sleeping in and having no motivation to go outside or exercise. Unfortunately, this lack of exercise can actually compound many negative emotions. Exercise and movement is a great way for us to start getting rid of negative energies. Many people find (B) [that / what] when they are angry, they go into a state where they want to exercise or clean. This is actually a very healthy and positive thing for you to do and a great way for you to begin to deconstruct your negative emotions so that they (C) [any / no] longer affect your life and harm your relationships.

	(A)		(B)		(C)
①	to want	…	what	…	any
②	wanting	…	that	…	any
③	to want	…	that	…	no
④	wanting	…	that	…	no
⑤	to want	…	what	…	no

밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓔ 중, 문맥 또는 어법상 적절하지 않은 것은? <29>

②

A lot of people find that physical movement can sometimes dispel negative feelings. If we are feeling ⓐ negative, it can be very easy for us to stop wanting to stay active in our everyday life. This is ⓑ because many people who suffer from depression are also found sleeping in and having no motivation to go outside or exercise. Unfortunately, this lack of exercise can actually ⓒ compound many negative emotions. Exercise and movement is a great way for us to start getting rid of negative energies. Many people find that when they are angry, they go into a state ⓓ where they want to exercise or clean. This is actually a very healthy and positive thing for you to do and a great way for you to begin to deconstruct your negative emotions ⓔ so that they no longer affect your life and harm your relationships.

① ⓐ        ② ⓑ        ③ ⓒ        ④ ⓓ        ⑤ ⓔ

빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 아래 박스에서 고르시오. <29>

(A)-② (B)-③ (C)-①

A lot of people find that physical movement can sometimes ___(A)___. If we are feeling negative, it can be very easy for us to stop wanting to stay active in our everyday life. This is why many people who suffer from depression are also found sleeping in and having no motivation to go outside or exercise. Unfortunately, this lack of exercise can actually compound many negative emotions. Exercise and movement is a great way ___(B)___. Many people find that when they are angry, they go into a state where they want to exercise or clean. This is actually a very healthy and positive thing for you to do and a great way for you to begin to deconstruct your negative emotions so that they no longer ___(C)___.

① affect your life and harm your relationships

② dispel negative feelings

③ for us to start getting rid of negative energies

❖ 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오. <29>

A lot of people find that physical movement can sometimes dispel negative feelings. (A) (만약 우리가 부정적으로 느끼고 있다면, 우리가 일상생활에서 활동적인 상태이고 싶어 하는 것을 멈추기가 매우 쉬울 수 있다). (B) (이것이 또한 우울증을 겪는 많은 사람이 계속 잠을 자고, 외출을 하거나 운동을 하려는 동기가 없는 것으로 발견되는 이유이다). Unfortunately, this lack of exercise can actually compound many negative emotions. (C) (운동과 움직임은 우리가 부정적인 에너지를 제거하기 시작하는 훌륭한 방법이다). Many people find that when they are angry, they go into a state where they want to exercise or clean. (D) (이것은 사실상 여러분이 하는 매우 건강하고 긍정적인 일이며, 그것(부정적인 감정)들이 더 이상 여러분의 삶에 영향을 미치지 않고 관계를 해치지 않도록 여러분이 자신의 부정적인 감정들을 해체하기 시작하는 훌륭한 방법이다).

윗글의 (A)를 박스 안에 주어진 단어들을 이용하여 영작하시오.
※ 한 단어의 어형을 바꾸세요.

If we are feeling negative, it can be very easy for us to stop wanting to stay active in our everyday life

If / negative, / we / are feeling / it / can / be / for us / to stop / very easy / want / in our everyday life / active / to stay

_________________________________________________

_________________________________________________

윗글의 (B)를 박스 안에 주어진 단어들을 이용하여 영작하시오.
※ 한 단어의 어형을 바꾸세요.

This is why many people who suffer from depression are also found sleeping in and having no motivation to go outside or exercise

This / many people / is / and / why / who / suffering from / depression / are also found / sleeping in / to go outside / having / no motivation / or / exercise

_________________________________________________

_________________________________________________

윗글의 (C)를 박스 안에 주어진 단어들을 이용하여 영작하시오.
※ 한 단어의 어형을 바꾸세요.

Exercise and movement is a great way for us to start getting rid of negative energies

Exercise / start / a great way / and / movement / is / for us / negative energies / getting rid of

_________________________________________________

_________________________________________________

윗글의 (D)를 박스 안에 주어진 단어들을 이용하여 영작하시오.
※ 원래 지문 그대로 재배열 하세요.

This is actually a very healthy and positive thing for you to do and a great way for you to begin to deconstruct your negative emotions so that they no longer affect your life and harm your relationships

This / a very healthy and positive thing / for you / and / a great way / for you / is actually / to begin / to deconstruct / so that / your negative emotions / they / to do / affect your life / and / harm / your relationships / no longer

_________________________________________________

_________________________________________________

(A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에 알맞은 표현으로 적절한 것은? <30>

②

A father took his son to the circus. Before the show started, he took his son to see the animals in their respective cages — all (A) [including / except for] the elephant that was tied with a rope. Holding his father’s hand, the little boy turned to him and said, “Dad, this elephant is so big and strong. He can kick the rope and run away. Why doesn’t he?” No matter (B) [how / what] hard he tried to think of an intelligent answer, the father didn’t have a good one to give his son. So, he suggested to his son that he go ask the question to the elephant trainer. When the boy saw the trainer passing by, he asked why the beast didn’t try to escape. The trainer said, “When this elephant was a baby, we tied the (C) [different / same] rope to his foot and the tree. The elephant couldn’t break free, and over time, he simply accepted the rope as a way of life.”

	(A)		(B)		(C)
①	including	…	what	…	same
②	except for	…	how	…	same
③	except for	…	what	…	same
④	except for	…	how	…	different
⑤	including	…	what	…	different

밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓔ 중, 문맥 또는 어법상 적절하지 않은 것은? <30>

④

A father took his son to the circus. Before the show started, he took his son to see the animals in their ⓐ respective cages — all except for the elephant that was tied with a rope. Holding his father’s hand, the little boy ⓑ turned to him and said, “Dad, this elephant is so big and strong. He can kick the rope and run away. Why doesn’t he?” No matter however ⓒ hard he tried to think of an intelligent answer, the father didn’t have a good one to give his son. So, he suggested to his son that he ⓓ goes ask the question to the elephant trainer. When the boy saw the trainer passing by, he asked ⓔ why the beast didn’t try to escape. The trainer said, “When this elephant was a baby, we tied the same rope to his foot and the tree. The elephant couldn’t break free, and over time, he simply accepted the rope as a way of life.”

① ⓐ        ② ⓑ        ③ ⓒ        ④ ⓓ        ⑤ ⓔ

주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. <30>

③

A father took his son to the circus. Before the show started, he took his son to see the animals in their respective cages — all except for the elephant that was tied with a rope. Holding his father’s hand, the little boy turned to him and said, “Dad, this elephant is so big and strong.

(A) The trainer said, “When this elephant was a baby, we tied the same rope to his foot and the tree. The elephant couldn’t break free, and over time, he simply accepted the rope as a way of life.”

(B) He can kick the rope and run away. Why doesn’t he?” No matter how hard he tried to think of an intelligent answer, the father didn’t have a good one to give his son.

(C) So, he suggested to his son that he go ask the question to the elephant trainer. When the boy saw the trainer passing by, he asked why the beast didn’t try to escape.

① (A)－(C)－(B)	② (B)－(A)－(C)	③ (B)－(C)－(A)

④ (C)－(A)－(B)	⑤ (C)－(B)－(A)

글의 흐름상, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 적절한 곳을 고르시오. <30>

③

So, he suggested to his son that he go ask the question to the elephant trainer.

A father took his son to the circus. Before the show started, he took his son to see the animals in their respective cages — all except for the elephant that was tied with a rope. (□) Holding his father’s hand, the little boy turned to him and said, “Dad, this elephant is so big and strong. He can kick the rope and run away. Why doesn’t he?” (□) No matter how hard he tried to think of an intelligent answer, the father didn’t have a good one to give his son. (□) When the boy saw the trainer passing by, he asked why the beast didn’t try to escape. (□) The trainer said, “When this elephant was a baby, we tied the same rope to his foot and the tree. (□) The elephant couldn’t break free, and over time, he simply accepted the rope as a way of life.”

① (□)      ② (□)      ③ (□)      ④ (□)      ⑤ (□)

밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓒ 부분을 어법과 문맥에 맞게 고쳐 쓰시오. <30>

ⓐ Holding ⓑ to his son ⓒ passing

A father took his son to the circus. Before the show started, he took his son to see the animals in their respective cages — all except for the elephant that was tied with a rope. ⓐ Hold his father’s hand, the little boy turned to him and said, “Dad, this elephant is so big and strong. He can kick the rope and run away. Why doesn’t he?” No matter how hard he tried to think of an intelligent answer, the father didn’t have a good one to give his son. So, he suggested ⓑ his son that he go ask the question to the elephant trainer. When the boy saw the trainer ⓒ passed by, he asked why the beast didn’t try to escape. The trainer said, “When this elephant was a baby, we tied the same rope to his foot and the tree. The elephant couldn’t break free, and over time, he simply accepted the rope as a way of life.”

ⓐ →

ⓑ →

ⓒ →

❖ 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오. <30>

A father took his son to the circus. Before the show started, he took his son to see the animals in their respective cages — all except for the elephant that was tied with a rope. Holding his father’s hand, the little boy turned to him and said, “Dad, this elephant is so big and strong. He can kick the rope and run away. Why doesn’t he?” (A) (No hard matter intelligent he to tried think how of an answer), the father didn’t have a good one to give his son. So, (B) (his trainer son he to that he suggested go ask the to the question elephant). When the boy saw the trainer passing by, he asked why the beast didn’t try to escape. The trainer said, “When this elephant was a baby, we tied the same rope to his foot and the tree. The elephant couldn’t break free, and over time, he simply accepted the rope as a way of life.”

밑줄 친 (A)의 괄호 안에 주어진 낱말들을 어법과 문맥에 맞게 배열하시오.

No matter how hard he tried to think of an intelligent answer

→

□□▶ 그가 아무리 열심히 현명한 대답을 생각해 내려고 노력했음에도

밑줄 친 (B)의 괄호 안에 주어진 낱말들을 어법과 문맥에 맞게 배열하시오.

he suggested to his son that he go ask the question to the elephant trainer

→

□□▶ 그는 자신의 아들에게 코끼리 조련사에게 가서 질문하라고 제안했다.

(A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에 알맞은 표현으로 적절한 것은? <31>

②

What is the true nature of the brain? The brain is a slow-changing machine, and that’s a good thing. If your brain could completely change overnight, you (A) [will / would] be unstable. Let’s just say that your norm is to wake up, read the paper with coffee and a bagel, walk your dog, and watch the news. (B) [This / There] is your habitual routine. Then one night, you get a phone call at 3 a.m. and have to run outside in your underwear to check on your neighbors. What if your brain latched on to this new routine and you continued to run outside at 3 a.m. every night in your underwear? (C) [Anybody / Nobody] would want that, so it’s a good thing our brains require more repetition than that! Let’s accept and be thankful for the stability our slow-changing brains provide us.

	(A)		(B)		(C)
①	will	…	There	…	Nobody
②	would	…	This	…	Nobody
③	would	…	There	…	Nobody
④	would	…	This	…	Anybody
⑤	will	…	There	…	Anybody

밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓔ 중, 문맥 또는 어법상 적절하지 않은 것은? <31>

⑤

What is the true nature of the brain? The brain is a slow-changing machine, and that’s a good thing. ⓐIf your brain could completely change overnight, you would be unstable. Let’s just say ⓑthat your norm is to wake up, read the paper with coffee and a bagel, walk your dog, and watch the news. This is your habitual routine. Then one night, you get a phone call at 3 a.m. and have to run outside in your underwear to check on your neighbors. ⓒWhat if your brain latched on to this new routine and you continued to run outside at 3 a.m. every night in your underwear? Nobody would want that, ⓓso it’s a good thing our brains require more repetition than that! Let’s accept and be thankful for the stability our slow-changing brains ⓔproviding us.

① ⓐ        ② ⓑ        ③ ⓒ        ④ ⓓ        ⑤ ⓔ

글의 흐름상, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 적절한 곳을 고르시오. <31>

⑤

Nobody would want that, so it’s a good thing our brains require more repetition than that!

What is the true nature of the brain? The brain is a slow-changing machine, and that’s a good thing. If your brain could completely change overnight, you would be unstable. Let’s just say that your norm is to wake up, read the paper with coffee and a bagel, walk your dog, and watch the news. This is your habitual routine. Then one night, you get a phone call at 3 a.m. and have to run outside in your underwear to check on your neighbors. What if your brain latched on to this new routine and you continued to run outside at 3 a.m. every night in your underwear? (□) Let’s accept and be thankful for the stability our slow-changing brains provide us.

① (□)      ② (□)      ③ (□)      ④ (□)      ⑤ (□)

주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. <31>

③

What is the true nature of the brain? The brain is a slow-changing machine, and that’s a good thing.

(A) Nobody would want that, so it’s a good thing our brains require more repetition than that! Let’s accept and be thankful for the stability our slow-changing brains provide us.

(B) If your brain could completely change overnight, you would be unstable. Let’s just say that your norm is to wake up, read the paper with coffee and a bagel, walk your dog, and watch the news. This is your habitual routine.

(C) Then one night, you get a phone call at 3 a.m. and have to run outside in your underwear to check on your neighbors. What if your brain latched on to this new routine and you continued to run outside at 3 a.m. every night in your underwear?

① (A)－(C)－(B)	② (B)－(A)－(C)	③ (B)－(C)－(A)

④ (C)－(A)－(B)	⑤ (C)－(B)－(A)

(A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에 알맞은 표현으로 적절한 것은? <32>

②

Hearing is basically a specialized form of touch. Sound is simply vibrating air (A) [in which / which] the ear picks up and converts to electrical signals, which are then interpreted by the brain. The sense of hearing is not the only sense that can do this; touch can do this too. If you are standing by the road and a large truck (B) [going / goes] by, do you hear or feel the vibration? The answer is both. With very low frequency vibration the ear starts becoming inefficient and the rest of the body’s sense of touch starts to take over. For some reason we tend to make a distinction between hearing a sound and feeling a vibration, but in reality they are the (C) [same / different] thing. Deafness does not mean that you can’t hear, only that there is something wrong with the ears. Even someone who is totally deaf can still hear/feel sounds.

	(A)		(B)		(C)
①	in which	…	going	…	same
②	which	…	goes	…	same
③	which	…	going	…	same
④	which	…	goes	…	different
⑤	in which	…	going	…	different

밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓔ 중, 문맥 또는 어법상 적절하지 않은 것은? <32>

③

Hearing is basically a specialized form of touch. Sound is simply vibrating air which the ear picks up and ⓐconverts to electrical signals, which are then interpreted by the brain. The sense of hearing is not the only sense ⓑthat can do this; touch can do this too. If you are standing by the road and a large truck goes by, do you hear or feel the vibration? The answer is both. With very low frequency vibration the ear starts becoming ⓒefficient and the rest of the body’s sense of touch starts to take over. For some reason we tend to make a distinction between hearing a sound and feeling a vibration, ⓓbut in reality they are the same thing. Deafness does not mean that you can’t hear, only that there is ⓔsomething wrong with the ears. Even someone who is totally deaf can still hear/feel sounds.

① ⓐ        ② ⓑ        ③ ⓒ        ④ ⓓ        ⑤ ⓔ

빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 아래 박스에서 고르시오. <32>

(A)-② (B)-③ (C)-①

Hearing is basically a specialized form of touch. Sound is simply vibrating air which the ear picks up and converts to electrical signals, which are then interpreted by the brain. The sense of hearing is not the only sense that can do this; touch can do this too. If you are standing by the road and a large truck goes by, do you hear or feel the vibration? The answer is ___(A)___. With very low frequency vibration the ear starts becoming inefficient and the rest of the body’s sense of touch ___(B)___. For some reason we tend to make a distinction between hearing a sound and feeling a vibration, but in reality they are the same thing. Deafness does not mean that you can’t hear, only that there is something wrong with the ears. Even someone ___(C)___ can still hear/feel sounds.

① who is totally deaf

② both

③ starts to take over

주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. <32>

⑤

Hearing is basically a specialized form of touch.

(A) For some reason we tend to make a distinction between hearing a sound and feeling a vibration, but in reality they are the same thing. Deafness does not mean that you can’t hear, only that there is something wrong with the ears. Even someone who is totally deaf can still hear/feel sounds.

(B) If you are standing by the road and a large truck goes by, do you hear or feel the vibration? The answer is both. With very low frequency vibration the ear starts becoming inefficient and the rest of the body’s sense of touch starts to take over.

(C) Sound is simply vibrating air which the ear picks up and converts to electrical signals, which are then interpreted by the brain. The sense of hearing is not the only sense that can do this; touch can do this too.

① (A)－(C)－(B)	② (B)－(A)－(C)	③ (B)－(C)－(A)

④ (C)－(A)－(B)	⑤ (C)－(B)－(A)

글의 흐름상, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 적절한 곳을 고르시오. <32>

②

If you are standing by the road and a large truck goes by, do you hear or feel the vibration?

Hearing is basically a specialized form of touch. Sound is simply vibrating air which the ear picks up and converts to electrical signals, which are then interpreted by the brain. (□) The sense of hearing is not the only sense that can do this; touch can do this too. (□) The answer is both. With very low frequency vibration the ear starts becoming inefficient and the rest of the body’s sense of touch starts to take over. (□) For some reason we tend to make a distinction between hearing a sound and feeling a vibration, but in reality they are the same thing. (□) Deafness does not mean that you can’t hear, only that there is something wrong with the ears. (□) Even someone who is totally deaf can still hear/feel sounds.

① (□)      ② (□)      ③ (□)      ④ (□)      ⑤ (□)

글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것을 고르시오. <32>

④

Hearing is basically a specialized form of touch. Sound is simply vibrating air which the ear picks up and converts to electrical signals, which are then interpreted by the brain. The sense of hearing is not the only sense that can do this; touch can do this too. If you are standing by the road and a large truck goes by, do you hear or feel the vibration? The answer is both. With very low frequency vibration the ear starts becoming inefficient and the rest of the body’s sense of touch starts to take over. For some reason we tend to make a distinction between hearing a sound and feeling a vibration, but in reality they are the same thing. Deafness does not mean that you can’t hear, only that there is something wrong with the ears. Even someone who is totally deaf can still hear/feel sounds.

① 청각은 촉각의 분화한 한 형태이다.

② 소리는 귀가 포착하여 전기 신호로 전환하는 진동하는 공기이다.

③ 귀는 매우 낮은 주파수 진동에 비효율적으로 되기 시작한다.

④ 귀먹음이란 여러분이 들을 수 없다는 것을 의미한다.

⑤ 완전히 귀가 먹은 사람도 여전히 소리를 들을/느낄 수 있다.

(A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에 알맞은 표현으로 적절한 것은? <33>

①

Veblen goods are named after Thorstein Veblen, a US economist who formulated the theory of “conspicuous consumption”. They are strange because demand for them increases as their price rises. (A) [Thanks / According] to Veblen, these goods must signal high status. A willingness to pay higher prices (B) [is / are] due to a desire to advertise wealth rather than to acquire better quality. A true Veblen good, therefore, should not be noticeably higher quality than the lower-priced equivalents. If the price falls so much that it is no longer (C) [enough high / high enough] to exclude the less well off, the rich will stop buying it. There is much evidence of this behavior in the markets for luxury cars, champagne, watches, and certain clothing labels. A reduction in prices might see a temporary increase in sales for the seller, but then sales will begin to fall.

	(A)		(B)		(C)
①	According	…	is	…	high enough
②	According	…	are	…	high enough
③	Thanks	…	is	…	high enough
④	Thanks	…	are	…	enough high
⑤	Thanks	…	is	…	enough high

밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓔ 중, 문맥 또는 어법상 적절하지 않은 것은? <33>

⑤, ※ rather than은 주절에 to부정사가 있을 경우 than 뒤에는 원형부정사와 동명사 둘 다 가능함

Veblen goods are ⓐ named after Thorstein Veblen, a US economist who formulated the theory of “conspicuous consumption”. They are strange ⓑ because demand for them increases as their price rises. According to Veblen, these goods must signal high status. A willingness to pay higher prices is due to a desire to advertise wealth rather than ⓒacquire better quality. A true Veblen good, ________, should not be noticeably higher quality than the lower-priced equivalents. If the price falls so much that it is no longer high enough to exclude ⓓthe less well off, the rich will stop buying it. There is much evidence of this behavior in the markets for luxury cars, champagne, watches, and certain clothing labels. A reduction in prices might see a temporary increase in sales for the seller, ⓔso then sales will begin to fall.

① ⓐ        ② ⓑ        ③ ⓒ        ④ ⓓ        ⑤ ⓔ

윗글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

①

① therefore	② for example	③ however

④ furthermore	⑤ in short

밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓔ 중, 문맥 또는 어법상 적절하지 않은 것은? <33>

⑤

Veblen goods are named after Thorstein Veblen, a US economist who formulated the theory of “conspicuous consumption”. They are strange because demand for them ⓐincreases as their price rises. According to Veblen, these goods must signal ⓑhigh status. A willingness to pay higher prices is due to a desire to advertise wealth rather than to acquire better quality. A true Veblen good, therefore, should not be noticeably higher quality than the lower-priced ⓒequivalents. If the price falls so much that it is no longer high enough to exclude the less well off, the rich will stop ⓓbuying it. There is much evidence of this behavior in the markets for luxury cars, champagne, watches, and certain clothing labels. A reduction in prices might see a ⓔsteady increase in sales for the seller, but then sales will begin to fall.

① ⓐ        ② ⓑ        ③ ⓒ        ④ ⓓ        ⑤ ⓔ

빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 아래 박스에서 고르시오. <33>

(A)-③ (B)-② (C)-①

Veblen goods are named after Thorstein Veblen, a US economist who formulated the theory of “conspicuous consumption”. They are strange because demand for them ___(A)___. According to Veblen, these goods must signal high status. A willingness to pay higher prices is due to a desire ___(B)___. A true Veblen good, therefore, should not be noticeably higher quality than the lower-priced equivalents. If the price falls so much that it is no longer high enough to exclude the less well off, the rich will stop buying it. There is much evidence of this behavior in the markets for luxury cars, champagne, watches, and certain clothing labels. A reduction in prices might see a temporary increase in sales for the seller, but then ___(C)___.

① sales will begin to fall

② to advertise wealth rather than to acquire better quality

③ increases as their price rises

글의 흐름상, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 적절한 곳을 고르시오. <33>

③

A true Veblen good, therefore, should not be noticeably higher quality than the lower-priced equivalents.

Veblen goods are named after Thorstein Veblen, a US economist who formulated the theory of “conspicuous consumption”. (□) They are strange because demand for them increases as their price rises. (□) According to Veblen, these goods must signal high status. A willingness to pay higher prices is due to a desire to advertise wealth rather than to acquire better quality. (□)  If the price falls so much that it is no longer high enough to exclude the less well off, the rich will stop buying it. (□) There is much evidence of this behavior in the markets for luxury cars, champagne, watches, and certain clothing labels. (□) A reduction in prices might see a temporary increase in sales for the seller, but then sales will begin to fall.

① (□)      ② (□)      ③ (□)      ④ (□)      ⑤ (□)

주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. <33>

③

Veblen goods are named after Thorstein Veblen, a US economist who formulated the theory of “conspicuous consumption”.

(A) There is much evidence of this behavior in the markets for luxury cars, champagne, watches, and certain clothing labels. A reduction in prices might see a temporary increase in sales for the seller, but then sales will begin to fall.

(B) They are strange because demand for them increases as their price rises. According to Veblen, these goods must signal high status. A willingness to pay higher prices is due to a desire to advertise wealth rather than to acquire better quality.

(C) A true Veblen good, therefore, should not be noticeably higher quality than the lower-priced equivalents. If the price falls so much that it is no longer high enough to exclude the less well off, the rich will stop buying it.

① (A)－(C)－(B)	② (B)－(A)－(C)	③ (B)－(C)－(A)

④ (C)－(A)－(B)	⑤ (C)－(B)－(A)

(A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에 알맞은 표현으로 적절한 것은? <34>

②

Although the property of brain plasticity is most obvious during development, the brain (A) [ is remained /remains] changeable throughout the life span. It is evident that we can learn and remember information long after maturation. Furthermore, although it is not as obvious, the adult brain retains its capacity to be influenced by “general” experience. For example, being exposed to fine wine or Pavarotti changes one’s later appreciation of wine and music, even if encountered in late adulthood. The adult brain is plastic in (B) [the other / other] ways, too. For instance, one of the characteristics of normal aging is that neurons die and are not replaced. This process begins in adolescence, yet most of us will not suffer any significant cognitive loss for decades because the brain compensates for the slow neuron loss by changing its structure. Similarly, (C)  [although  /  because] complete restoration of function is not possible, the brain has the capacity to change in response to injury in order to at least partly compensate for the damage.

	(A)		(B)		(C)
①	is remained	…	other	…	because
②	remains	…	other	…	although
③	remains	…	other	…	because
④	remains	…	the other	…	although
⑤	is remained	…	the other	…	because

밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓔ 중, 문맥 또는 어법상 적절하지 않은 것은?(2개) <34>

④ ⑤

Although the property of brain plasticity is most obvious during development, the brain remains changeable throughout the life span. It is evident ⓐthat we can learn and remember information long after maturation. Furthermore, although it is not as obvious, the adult brain retains its capacity to be influenced by “general” experience. For example, ⓑbeing exposed to fine wine or Pavarotti changes one’s later appreciation of wine and music, ⓒeven if encountered in late adulthood. The adult brain is plastic in other ways, too. For instance, one of the characteristics of normal aging is that neurons die and are not replaced. This process begins in adolescence, ⓒwhich most of us will not suffer any significant cognitive loss for decades because the brain compensates for the slow neuron loss by changing its structure. Similarly, although complete restoration of function is not possible, the brain has the capacity to change in response to injury in order to at least partly ⓔcompensating for the damage.

① ⓐ        ② ⓑ        ③ ⓒ        ④ ⓓ        ⑤ ⓔ

주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. <34>

④

Although the property of brain plasticity is most obvious during development, the brain remains changeable throughout the life span. It is evident that we can learn and remember information long after maturation.

(A) The adult brain is plastic in other ways, too. For instance, one of the characteristics of normal aging is that neurons die and are not replaced. This process begins in adolescence, yet most of us will not suffer any significant cognitive loss for decades because the brain compensates for the slow neuron loss by changing its structure.

(B) Similarly, although complete restoration of function is not possible, the brain has the capacity to change in response to injury in order to at least partly compensate for the damage.

(C) Furthermore, although it is not as obvious, the adult brain retains its capacity to be influenced by “general” experience. For example, being exposed to fine wine or Pavarotti changes one’s later appreciation of wine and music, even if encountered in late adulthood.

① (A)－(C)－(B)	② (B)－(A)－(C)	③ (B)－(C)－(A)

④ (C)－(A)－(B)	⑤ (C)－(B)－(A)

글의 흐름상, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 적절한 곳을 고르시오. <34>

③

The adult brain is plastic in other ways, too.

Although the property of brain plasticity is most obvious during development, the brain remains changeable throughout the life span. It is evident that we can learn and remember information long after maturation. (□) Furthermore, although it is not as obvious, the adult brain retains its capacity to be influenced by “general” experience. (□) For example, being exposed to fine wine or Pavarotti changes one’s later appreciation of wine and music, even if encountered in late adulthood. (□) For instance, one of the characteristics of normal aging is that neurons die and are not replaced. (□) This process begins in adolescence, yet most of us will not suffer any significant cognitive loss for decades because the brain compensates for the slow neuron loss by changing its structure. (□) Similarly, although complete restoration of function is not possible, the brain has the capacity to change in response to injury in order to at least partly compensate for the damage.

① (□)      ② (□)      ③ (□)      ④ (□)      ⑤ (□)

빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 아래 박스에서 고르시오. <34>

(A)-③ (B)-② (C)-①

Although the property of brain plasticity is most obvious during development, the brain remains ___(A)___. It is evident that we can learn and remember information long after maturation. Furthermore, although it is not as obvious, the adult brain retains its capacity to be influenced by “general” experience. For example, being exposed to fine wine or Pavarotti changes one’s later appreciation of wine and music, even if encountered in late adulthood. The adult brain is ___(B)___ , too. For instance, one of the characteristics of normal aging is that neurons die and are not replaced. This process begins in adolescence, yet most of us will not ___(C)___ for decades because the brain compensates for the slow neuron loss by changing its structure. Similarly, although complete restoration of function is not possible, the brain has the capacity to change in response to injury in order to at least partly compensate for the damage.

① suffer any significant cognitive loss

② plastic in other ways

③ changeable throughout the life span

다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? <34>

④

Although the property of brain plasticity is most obvious during development, the brain remains changeable throughout the life span. It is evident that we can learn and remember information long after maturation. ___(A)___, although it is not as obvious, the adult brain retains its capacity to be influenced by “general” experience. For example, being exposed to fine wine or Pavarotti changes one’s later appreciation of wine and music, even if encountered in late adulthood. The adult brain is plastic in other ways, too. ___(B)___, one of the characteristics of normal aging is that neurons die and are not replaced. This process begins in adolescence, yet most of us will not suffer any significant cognitive loss for decades because the brain compensates for the slow neuron loss by changing its structure. Similarly, although complete restoration of function is not possible, the brain has the capacity to change in response to injury in order to at least partly compensate for the damage.

	(A)		(B)
①	For example	……	Therefore
②	Therefore	……	Instead
③	Likewise	……	In contrast
④	Furthermore	……	For instance
⑤	For example	……	Nevertheless

밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓔ 중, 문맥 또는 어법상 적절하지 않은 것은? <35>

④

Identity theft can take many forms in the digital world. That’s because many of the traditional clues about identity ― someone’s physical appearance and presence ― ⓐare replaced by machine-based checking of “credentials”. Someone is able to acquire your credentials ― sign-on names, passwords, cards, tokens ― and ⓑin so doing is able to convince an electronic system that they are you. This is an ingredient in large numbers of cyber-related fraud, and cyber-related fraud is ⓒby far the most common form of crime that hits individuals. ________, identity thieves can buy goods and services which you will never see but will pay for, intercept payments, and, more drastically, ⓓemptying your bank account. Although the victims of identity theft are usually ⓔthought of as individuals, small and large businesses are often caught out as well.

① ⓐ        ② ⓑ        ③ ⓒ        ④ ⓓ        ⑤ ⓔ

윗글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

②

① Therefore	② For example	③ However

④ Furthermore	⑤ In short

(A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에 알맞은 표현으로 적절한 것은? <35>

①

Identity theft can take many forms in the digital world. That’s (A) [because / why] many of the traditional clues about identity ― someone’s physical appearance and presence ― are replaced by machine-based checking of “credentials”. Someone is able to acquire your credentials ― sign-on names, passwords, cards, tokens ― and in so doing is able to convince an electronic system that they are you. (B) [There / This] is an ingredient in large numbers of cyber-related fraud, and cyber-related fraud is by far the most common form of crime that hits individuals. For example, identity thieves can buy goods and services which you will never see but will pay for, intercept payments, and, more drastically, empty your bank account. Although the victims of identity theft (C) [is / are] usually thought of as individuals, small and large businesses are often caught out as well.

	(A)		(B)		(C)
①	because	…	This	…	are
②	because	…	This	…	is
③	because	…	There	…	are
④	why	…	There	…	is
⑤	why	…	There	…	are

주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. <35>

③

Identity theft can take many forms in the digital world. That’s because many of the traditional clues about identity ― someone’s physical appearance and presence ― are replaced by machine-based checking of “credentials”.

(A) For example, identity thieves can buy goods and services which you will never see but will pay for, intercept payments, and, more drastically, empty your bank account. Although the victims of identity theft are usually thought of as individuals, small and large businesses are often caught out as well.

(B) Someone is able to acquire your credentials ― sign-on names, passwords, cards, tokens ― and in so doing is able to convince an electronic system that they are you.

(C) This is an ingredient in large numbers of cyber-related fraud, and cyber-related fraud is by far the most common form of crime that hits individuals.

① (A)－(C)－(B)	② (B)－(A)－(C)	③ (B)－(C)－(A)

④ (C)－(A)－(B)	⑤ (C)－(B)－(A)

다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은? <35>

④

Identity theft can take many forms in the digital world. That’s because many of the traditional clues about identity ― someone’s physical appearance and presence ― are replaced by machine-based checking of “credentials”. Someone is able to acquire your credentials ― sign-on names, passwords, cards, tokens ― and in so doing is able to convince an electronic system that they are you. This is an ingredient in large numbers of cyber-related fraud, and cyber-related fraud is by far the most common form of crime that hits individuals. For example, identity thieves can buy goods and services which you will never see but will pay for, intercept payments, and, more drastically, empty your bank account. Although the victims of identity theft are usually thought of as individuals, small and large businesses are often caught out as well.

① small and large businesses

② emptying your bank account

③ the traditional clues about identity

④ many forms of identity theft in the digital world

⑤ the most common form of crime that hits individuals

(A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에 알맞은 표현으로 적절한 것은? <36>

②

A researcher in adult education at the University of Toronto, Allen Tough (A) [writing / wrote] a paper called “The Iceberg of Informal Adult Learning.” Tough formulated a reverse 20/80 rule for adult learning. Twenty percent of an adult learner’s efforts were formal, organized by an institution. Eighty percent was informal, organized by the learner. He (B) [used to / used] the metaphor of an iceberg to describe the large portion of learning, informal learning, that remains invisible. Tough researched the reasons (C) [in which / why] people chose to learn on their own rather than attend a class. “People seem to want to be in control,” he wrote. “They want to set their own pace and use their own style of learning; they want to keep it flexible.” People also seem to consider informal learning experiential and social. Lifelong learning organized around one’s interests might be seen as a new form of recreation.

	(A)		(B)		(C)
①	writing	…	used to	…	why
②	wrote	…	used	…	why
③	writing	…	used	…	why
④	wrote	…	used	…	in which
⑤	writing	…	used to	…	in which

밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓔ 중, 문맥 또는 어법상 적절하지 않은 것은? <36>

⑤

A researcher in adult education at the University of Toronto, Allen Tough wrote a paper ⓐcalled “The Iceberg of Informal Adult Learning.” Tough formulated a reverse 20/80 rule for adult learning. Twenty percent of an adult learner’s efforts were formal, organized by an institution. Eighty percent ⓑwas informal, organized by the learner. He used the metaphor of an iceberg to describe the large portion of learning, informal learning, ⓒthat remains invisible. Tough researched the reasons why people chose to learn on their own rather than ⓓattend a class. “People seem to want to be in control,” he wrote. “They want to set their own pace and use their own style of learning; they want to keep it ⓔflexibly.” People also seem to consider informal learning experiential and social. Lifelong learning organized around one’s interests might be seen as a new form of recreation.

① ⓐ        ② ⓑ        ③ ⓒ        ④ ⓓ        ⑤ ⓔ

밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓒ 부분을 어법과 문맥에 맞게 고쳐 쓰시오. <36>

ⓐ organized ⓑ their ⓒ consider

A researcher in adult education at the University of Toronto, Allen Tough wrote a paper called “The Iceberg of Informal Adult Learning.” Tough formulated a reverse 20/80 rule for adult learning. Twenty percent of an adult learner’s efforts were formal, ⓐorganize by an institution. Eighty percent was informal, ⓐorganize by the learner. He used the metaphor of an iceberg to describe the large portion of learning, informal learning, that remains invisible. Tough researched the reasons why people chose to learn on ⓑits own rather than attend a class. “People seem to want to be in control,” he wrote. “They want to set their own pace and use their own style of learning; they want to keep it flexible.” People also seem to ⓒbe considered informal learning experiential and social. Lifelong learning ⓐorganize around one’s interests might be seen as a new form of recreation.

ⓐ →

ⓑ →

ⓒ →

글의 흐름상, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 적절한 곳을 고르시오. <36>

④

“People seem to want to be in control,” he wrote. “They want to set their own pace and use their own style of learning; they want to keep it flexible.”

A researcher in adult education at the University of Toronto, Allen Tough wrote a paper called “The Iceberg of Informal Adult Learning.” (□) Tough formulated a reverse 20/80 rule for adult learning. Twenty percent of an adult learner’s efforts were formal, organized by an institution. (□) Eighty percent was informal, organized by the learner. He used the metaphor of an iceberg to describe the large portion of learning, informal learning, that remains invisible. (□) Tough researched the reasons why people chose to learn on their own rather than attend a class. (□) People also seem to consider informal learning experiential and social. (□) Lifelong learning organized around one’s interests might be seen as a new form of recreation.

① (□)      ② (□)      ③ (□)      ④ (□)      ⑤ (□)

글의 흐름상, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 적절한 곳을 고르시오. <37>

④

Architects, however, do not control how the residents of those buildings present themselves or see each other — but the designers of virtual spaces do, and they have far greater influence on the social experience of their users.

The online world is an artificial universe — entirely human- made and designed. The design of the underlying system shapes how we appear and what we see of other people. (□) It determines the structure of conversations and who has access to what information. (□) Architects of physical cities determine the paths people will take and the sights they will see. (□) They affect people’s mood by creating cathedrals that inspire awe and schools that encourage playfulness. (□) They determine whether we see each other’s faces or instead know each other only by name. (□) They can reveal the size and makeup of an audience, or provide the impression that one is writing intimately to only a few, even if millions are in fact reading.

① (□)      ② (□)      ③ (□)      ④ (□)      ⑤ (□)

(A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에 알맞은 표현으로 적절한 것은? <37>

③

The online world is an artificial universe — entirely human- made and designed. The design of the underlying system shapes (A) [what / how] we appear and what we see of other people. It determines the structure of conversations and who has access to what information. Architects of physical cities determine the paths people will take and the sights they will see. They affect people’s mood by creating cathedrals that
(B) [inspire / inspiring] awe and schools that encourage playfulness. Architects, however, do not control how the residents of those buildings present themselves or see each other — but the designers of virtual spaces do, and they have far greater influence on the social experience of their users. They determine (C) [that / whether]  we see each other’s faces or instead know each other only by name. They can reveal the size and makeup of an audience, or provide the impression that one is writing intimately to only a few, even if millions are in fact reading.

	(A)		(B)		(C)
①	how	…	inspire	…	that
②	what	…	inspire	…	that
③	how	…	inspire	…	whether
④	what	…	inspiring	…	whether
⑤	how	…	inspiring	…	whether

밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓔ 중, 문맥 또는 어법상 적절하지 않은 것은? (2개) <37>

① ⑤

The online world is an artificial universe — entirely human- made and designed. The design of the underlying system
ⓐshaping how we appear and what we see of other people. It determines the structure of conversations and who has access to ⓑwhat information. Architects of physical cities determine the paths people will take and the sights they will see. They affect people’s mood by creating cathedrals that inspire awe and schools that encourage playfulness. Architects, however, do not control how the residents of those buildings present
ⓒthemselves or see each other — but the designers of virtual spaces do, and they have far greater influence on the social experience of ⓓtheir users. They determine whether we see each other’s faces or instead know each other only by name. They can reveal the size and makeup of an audience, or provide the impression ⓔwhich one is writing intimately to only a few, even if millions are in fact reading.

① ⓐ        ② ⓑ        ③ ⓒ        ④ ⓓ        ⑤ ⓔ

(A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에 알맞은 표현으로 적절한 것은? <37>

②

The online world is an artificial universe — entirely human- made and designed. The design of the underlying system shapes how we appear and what we see of other people. It determines the structure of conversations and who has access to what information. Architects of physical cities determine the paths people will take and the sights they will see. They affect people’s mood by creating cathedrals that inspire awe and schools that encourage playfulness. Architects, (A) [therefore / however], do not control how the residents of those buildings present themselves or see each other — but the designers of virtual spaces do, and they have far greater influence on the social experience of their users. They determine whether we see each other’s faces or (B) [instead / likewise] know each other only by name. They can reveal the size and makeup of an audience, or provide the impression that one is writing intimately to only a few, even if millions are (C) [besides / in fact] reading.

	(A)		(B)		(C)
①	therefore	…	likewise	…	in fact
②	however	…	instead	…	in fact
③	therefore	…	instead	…	in fact
④	however	…	instead	…	besides
⑤	therefore	…	likewise	…	besides

주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. <38>

③

In 1996, as construction workers cleared a site in downtown Athens for the foundations of a new Museum of Modern Art, they found traces of a large structure sitting on the bedrock.

(A) The archaeologists soon realised that they had found one of the most significant sites in all of western European intellectual culture, a site referred to continually by history’s greatest philosophers: the Lyceum of Aristotle. It was the world’s first university.

(B) A building had occupied this same spot some two-and-a-half thousand years earlier, when it was part of a wooded sanctuary outside the original city walls, on the banks of the River Ilissos. The excavation uncovered the remains of a gymnasium, a wrestling arena, changing rooms and baths.

(C) This had been a place for athletics and exercise, where the young men of Athens had trained to become soldiers and citizens. But it was more than just a centre for physical improvement.

① (A)－(C)－(B)	② (B)－(A)－(C)	③ (B)－(C)－(A)

④ (C)－(A)－(B)	⑤ (C)－(B)－(A)

(A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에 알맞은 표현으로 적절한 것은? <38>

④

In 1996, as construction workers cleared a site in downtown Athens for the foundations of a new Museum of Modern Art, they found traces of a large structure (A) [seating / sitting] on the bedrock. A building had occupied this same spot some two-and-a-half thousand years earlier, when it was part of a wooded sanctuary outside the original city walls, on the banks of the River Ilissos. The excavation uncovered the remains of a gymnasium, a wrestling arena, changing rooms and baths. This (B) [had been / being] a place for athletics and exercise, where the young men of Athens had trained to become soldiers and citizens. But it was more than just a centre for physical improvement. The archaeologists soon realised that they had found one of the most significant sites in all of western European intellectual culture, a site (C) [referring / referred] to continually by history’s greatest philosophers: the Lyceum of Aristotle. It was the world’s first university.

	(A)		(B)		(C)
①	seating	…	being	…	referring
②	sitting	…	had been	…	referring
③	sitting	…	being	…	referred
④	sitting	…	had been	…	referred
⑤	seating	…	being	…	referred

밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓔ 중, 문맥 또는 어법상 적절하지 않은 것은? <38>

③

In 1996, as construction workers cleared a site in downtown Athens for the foundations of a new Museum of Modern Art, they found traces of a large structure sitting on the bedrock. A building ⓐhad occupied this same spot some two-and-a-half thousand years earlier, ⓑwhen it was part of a wooded sanctuary outside the original city walls, on the banks of the River Ilissos. The excavation uncovered the remains of a gymnasium, a wrestling arena, changing rooms and baths. This had been a place for athletics and exercise, ⓒwhich the young men of Athens had trained to become soldiers and citizens. ⓓBut it was more than just a centre for physical improvement. The archaeologists soon realised ⓔthat they had found one of the most significant sites in all of western European intellectual culture, a site referred to continually by history’s greatest philosophers: the Lyceum of Aristotle. It was the world’s first university.

① ⓐ        ② ⓑ        ③ ⓒ        ④ ⓓ        ⑤ ⓔ

밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓒ 부분을 어법과 문맥에 맞게 고쳐 쓰시오. <38>

ⓐ uncovered ⓑ most ⓒ continually

In 1996, as construction workers cleared a site in downtown Athens for the foundations of a new Museum of Modern Art, they found traces of a large structure sitting on the bedrock. A building had occupied this same spot some two-and-a-half thousand years earlier, when it was part of a wooded sanctuary outside the original city walls, on the banks of the River Ilissos. The excavation ⓐuncovering the remains of a gymnasium, a wrestling arena, changing rooms and baths. This had been a place for athletics and exercise, where the young men of Athens had trained to become soldiers and citizens. But it was more than just a centre for physical improvement. The archaeologists soon realised that they had found one of the ⓑmore significant sites in all of western European intellectual culture, a site referred to ⓒcontinue by history’s greatest philosophers: the Lyceum of Aristotle. It was the world’s first university.

ⓐ →

ⓑ →

ⓒ →

주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. <39>

⑤

The liberalization of capital markets, where funds for investment can be borrowed, has been an important contributor to the pace of globalization. Since the 1970s there has been a trend towards a freer flow of capital across borders.

(A) The East Asian crisis of the late 1990s came in the wake of this kind of liberalization. Without a strong financial system and a sound regulatory environment, capital market globalization can sow the seeds of instability in economies rather than growth.

(B) A global capital market also allows investors greater scope to manage and spread their risks. However, some say that a freer flow of capital has raised the risk of financial instability.

(C) Current economic theory suggests that this should aid development. Developing countries have limited domestic savings with which to invest in growth, and liberalization allows them to tap into a global pool of funds.

① (A)－(C)－(B)	② (B)－(A)－(C)	③ (B)－(C)－(A)

④ (C)－(A)－(B)	⑤ (C)－(B)－(A)

(A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에 알맞은 표현으로 적절한 것은? <39>

②

The liberalization of capital markets, (A) [where / which] funds for investment can be borrowed, has been an important contributor to the pace of globalization. Since the 1970s there has been a trend towards a freer flow of capital across borders. Current economic theory suggests that this should aid development. Developing countries have limited domestic savings (B) [which / with which] to invest in growth, and liberalization allows them to tap into a global pool of funds. A global capital market also allows investors greater scope to manage and spread their risks. However, some say that a freer flow of capital has raised the risk of financial instability. The East Asian crisis of the late 1990s came in the wake of this kind of liberalization. Without a strong financial system and a sound regulatory environment, capital market globalization can (C) [sew / sow] the seeds of instability in economies rather than growth.

	(A)		(B)		(C)
①	which	…	which	…	sow
②	where	…	with which	…	sow
③	which	…	with which	…	sow
④	where	…	with which	…	set
⑤	which	…	which	…	set

밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓔ 중, 문맥 또는 어법상 적절하지 않은 것은? <39>

⑤

The liberalization of capital markets, where funds for investment can be borrowed, ⓐhas been an important contributor to the pace of globalization. Since the 1970s there ⓑhas been a trend towards a freer flow of capital across borders. Current economic theory suggests that this ⓒshould aid development. Developing countries have limited domestic savings with which ⓓto invest in growth, and liberalization allows them to tap into a global pool of funds. A global capital market also allows investors greater scope to manage and spread their risks. ________, some say that a freer flow of capital ⓔhas been raised the risk of financial instability. The East Asian crisis of the late 1990s came in the wake of this kind of liberalization. Without a strong financial system and a sound regulatory environment, capital market globalization can sow the seeds of instability in economies rather than growth.

① ⓐ        ② ⓑ        ③ ⓒ        ④ ⓓ        ⑤ ⓔ

윗글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

③

① Therefore	② For example	③ However

④ Furthermore	⑤ In short

다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은? <39>

⑤

The liberalization of capital markets, where funds for investment can be borrowed, has been an important contributor to the pace of globalization. Since the 1970s there has been a trend towards a freer flow of capital across borders. Current economic theory suggests that this should aid development. Developing countries have limited domestic savings with which to invest in growth, and liberalization allows them to tap into a global pool of funds. A global capital market also allows investors greater scope to manage and spread their risks. However, some say that a freer flow of capital has raised the risk of financial instability. The East Asian crisis of the late 1990s came in the wake of this kind of liberalization. Without a strong financial system and a sound regulatory environment, capital market globalization can sow the seeds of instability in economies rather than growth.

① A global capital market

② a trend towards a freer flow of capital

③ the East Asian crisis of the late 1990s

④ the seeds of instability in economies rather than growth

⑤ impacts of a freer flow of capital on developing countries

주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. <40>

③

Power distance is the term used to refer to how widely an unequal distribution of power is accepted by the members of a culture. It relates to the degree to which the less powerful members of a society accept their inequality in power and consider it the norm.

(A) In these cultures, there is more fluidity within the social hierarchy, and it is relatively easy for individuals to move up the social hierarchy based on their individual efforts and achievements.

(B) In cultures with high acceptance of power distance (e.g., India, Brazil, Greece, Mexico, and the Philippines), people are not viewed as equals, and everyone has a clearly defined or allocated place in the social hierarchy.

(C) In cultures with low acceptance of power distance (e.g., Finland, Norway, New Zealand, and Israel), people believe inequality should be minimal, and a hierarchical division is viewed as one of convenience only.

① (A)－(C)－(B)	② (B)－(A)－(C)	③ (B)－(C)－(A)

④ (C)－(A)－(B)	⑤ (C)－(B)－(A)

(A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에 알맞은 표현으로 적절한 것은? <40>

④

Power distance is the term used to refer to how widely an unequal distribution of power is accepted by the members of a culture. It relates to the degree (A) [which / to which] the less powerful members of a society accept their inequality in power and consider it the norm. In cultures with high acceptance of power distance (e.g., India, Brazil, Greece, Mexico, and the Philippines), people are not viewed as equals, and everyone has a (B) [clear / clearly] defined or allocated place in the social hierarchy. In cultures with low acceptance of power distance (e.g., Finland, Norway, New Zealand, and Israel), people believe inequality should be minimal, and a hierarchical division is viewed as one of convenience only. In these cultures, there is more fluidity within the social hierarchy, and it is relatively easy for individuals (C) [to move / moving] up the social hierarchy based on their individual efforts and achievements.

	(A)		(B)		(C)
①	which	…	clear	…	moving
②	to which	…	clear	…	to move
③	which	…	clearly	…	to move
④	to which	…	clearly	…	to move
⑤	which	…	clearly	…	moving

밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓔ 중, 문맥 또는 어법상 적절하지 않은 것은? <40>

③

Power distance is the term ⓐused to refer to how widely an unequal distribution of power is accepted by the members of a culture. It relates to the degree to which the ⓑless powerful members of a society accept their inequality in power and consider ⓒthem the norm. In cultures with high acceptance of power distance (e.g., India, Brazil, Greece, Mexico, and the Philippines), people are not viewed as equals, and everyone has a clearly defined or allocated place in the social hierarchy. In cultures with ⓓlow acceptance of power distance (e.g., Finland, Norway, New Zealand, and Israel), people believe inequality should be minimal, and a hierarchical division is viewed as one of convenience only. In these cultures, there is ⓔmore fluidity within the social hierarchy, and (it hierarchy relatively move easy social individuals to up the for is) based on their individual efforts and achievements.

① ⓐ        ② ⓑ        ③ ⓒ        ④ ⓓ        ⑤ ⓔ

밑줄 친 괄호 안에 주어진 낱말들을 어법과 문맥에 맞게 배열하시오.

it is relatively easy for individuals to move up the social hierarchy

→

밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓔ 중, 문맥 또는 어법상 적절하지 않은 것은? <40>

⑤

Power distance is the term used to refer to how ⓐwidely an unequal distribution of power is accepted by the members of a culture. It relates to the degree to which the less powerful members of a society accept their ⓑinequality in power and consider it the norm. In cultures with high acceptance of power distance (e.g., India, Brazil, Greece, Mexico, and the Philippines), people are not viewed as ⓒequals, and everyone has a clearly defined or allocated place in the social hierarchy. In cultures with low acceptance of power distance (e.g., Finland, Norway, New Zealand, and Israel), people believe inequality should be ⓓminimal, and a hierarchical division is viewed as one of convenience only. In these cultures, there is more fluidity within the social hierarchy, and it is relatively ⓔhard for individuals to move up the social hierarchy based on their individual efforts and achievements.

① ⓐ        ② ⓑ        ③ ⓒ        ④ ⓓ        ⑤ ⓔ

주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 적절한 것을 고르시오. <41-42>

③

In 2009, Emily Holmes asked a group of adults to watch a video featuring “eleven clips of traumatic content including graphic real scenes of human surgery and fatal road traffic accidents.”

(A) The game soaked up the mental attention that might have otherwise moved those horrific memories to long-term memory, and so they were stored imperfectly or not at all. At the end of the week, the adults returned to the lab, and those who had been lucky enough to play the game reported fewer psychiatric symptoms. The video game had functioned as a “cognitive vaccine,” the researchers explained.

(B) This was their trauma simulation, and the participants were indeed traumatized. Before watching the video, they reported feeling calm and relaxed; afterward they were disturbed and anxious. Holmes forced the adults to wait for thirty minutes. Then, half the participants played a block-matching puzzle video game for ten minutes, while the other half sat quietly.

(C) The adults went home for a week, and recorded their thoughts in a daily diary. Once a day they recalled the scenes from the video that replayed in their minds. Those who had sat quietly after watching the video experienced an average of six flashbacks; those who had played the game experienced an average of fewer than three. The video game, with its colors and music and rotating blocks, prevented the initial traumatic memories from solidifying.

① (A)－(C)－(B)	② (B)－(A)－(C)	③ (B)－(C)－(A)

④ (C)－(A)－(B)	⑤ (C)－(B)－(A)

❖ 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오. <41-42>

In 2009, Emily Holmes asked a group of adults ⓐto watch a video ⓑfeaturing “eleven clips of traumatic content including graphic real scenes of human surgery and fatal road traffic accidents.” This was their trauma simulation, and the participants were indeed traumatized. Before watching the video, they reported ⓒfeeling calm and relaxed; afterward they were disturbed and anxious. Holmes forced the adults ⓓwait for thirty minutes. Then, ⓔhalf the participants played a block-matching puzzle video game for ten minutes, while the other half sat quietly.

The adults went home for a week, and recorded their thoughts in a daily diary. Once a day they recalled the scenes from the video that replayed in their minds. Those who had sat quietly after watching the video (A) [experienced / experiencing] an average of six flashbacks; those who had played the game experienced an average of fewer than three. The video game, with its colors and music and rotating blocks, prevented the initial traumatic memories from solidifying. The game soaked up the mental attention (that  those  might  long-term  have horrific  moved  memories  to  otherwise  memory), and (B) [so / yet] they were stored imperfectly or not at all. At the end of the week, the adults returned to the lab, and those who had been (C) [enough lucky / lucky enough] to play the game reported fewer psychiatric symptoms. The video game had functioned as a “cognitive vaccine,” the researchers explained.

밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓔ 중, 문맥 또는 어법상 적절하지 않은 것은?

④

① ⓐ        ② ⓑ        ③ ⓒ        ④ ⓓ        ⑤ ⓔ

밑줄 친 괄호 안에 주어진 낱말들을 어법과 문맥에 맞게 배열하시오.

that might have otherwise moved those horrific memories to long-term memory

→

(A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에 알맞은 표현으로 적절한 것은?

②

	(A)		(B)		(C)
①	experiencing	…	yet	…	lucky enough
②	experienced	…	so	…	lucky enough
③	experienced	…	yet	…	lucky enough
④	experienced	…	so	…	enough lucky
⑤	experiencing	…	yet	…	enough lucky

밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓔ 중, 문맥 또는 어법상 적절하지 않은 것은?<43-45>

④

Justin was driving on a lonely stretch of farm road when all of a sudden he lost concentration, and his car ended up in a ditch. ⓐUnable to reverse the vehicle from its plight, he did the next best thing and headed for help at a nearby farmhouse. Justin was greeted by an old farmer. After listening to ⓑwhat had happened, he nodded and said, “Don’t worry, Old Warrick will get you out.”

The farmer then led him to the barn at the back. There stood his donkey, ⓒwhich looked as old and weathered as the farmer. There was no other choice; there was just this octogenarian and his equally old donkey. The farmer — with the donkey, a rope, and Justin — made his way slowly to the stranded vehicle.

When they arrived there, the farmer tied one end of the rope to the car and ⓓanother to the donkey and began to shout, “Pull John! Pull Steve! Pull Mike! Pull Warrick!” As soon as the farmer said, “Pull Warrick!” the donkey heaved and pulled the car out of the ditch, much to Justin’s delight. He patted the donkey and thanked the old farmer.

When he was just going to move off to get into his car, Justin stopped, turned to the old man, and asked, “Tell me, sir, why did you have to call on all those names before giving Old Warrick the instruction to pull the car out of the ditch?” He smiled and replied, “You see, Old Warrick is very old — his eyesight is almost gone, his hearing isn’t that good, and he struggles to eat and walk — but ⓔas long as he believes he is a part of a team, he can do great things.”

① ⓐ        ② ⓑ        ③ ⓒ        ④ ⓓ        ⑤ ⓔ

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