2018년도 2학년 3월 모의고사 by 너른터 (함께 연구하는 선생님들의 공동결과물임을 알려드립니다)

또한 본 저작물의 원천 저작권은 모의고사 출제 주관교육청에 있으며 학생여러분과 현장에서 고생하시는 선생님들의

강의용으로 무료배포하는 자료입니다. 너른터는 상업용 유료자료를 제작하지 않습니다.

너른터(www.nernter.com)는

공동연구 공동출제 그 결과물의 공유 그리고 공존을 지향합니다.

너른터에 오시면 공명샘을 만나실 수 있습니다.

1. 다음 글의 어법상 가장 어색한 것은? - [18]

Dear Sue Smith,
We are concerned that we ① didn't hear from you since we sent you the selections you chose when you joined the Club. As you know, the payment is always due ② when you receive your selections. Because we have not received the payment, we ③ have suspended your membership privileges. Don’t miss out on all the benefits your membership offers you: the widest selection of music, great discounts and more! Please return the bottom portion of this letter with your check in the ④ enclosed envelope. Send us your payment today. ⑤ Paying promptly will restore your membership to good standing.
Sincerely,
Larry Cook

2. (A),(B),(C)의 각 네모 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로 가장 적절한 것은? - [19]

On December 6th, I arrived at University Hospital in Cleveland at 10:00 a.m. I went through the process of admissions. I grew (A) [relieved / anxious] because the time for surgery was drawing closer. I was directed to the waiting area, where I remained until my name was called. I had a few hours of waiting time. I just kept praying. At some point in my ongoing prayer process, before my name was called, in the midst of the (B) [cosmos / chaos], an unbelievable peace embraced me. All my fear (C) [appeared / disappeared]! An unbelievable peace overrode my emotions.

① relieved - chaos - appeared

② relieved - cosmos - appeared

③ anxious - chaos - disappeared

④ anxious - cosmos - appeared

⑤ relieved - chaos - disappeared

3. 다음 빈 칸에 들어갈 가장 알맞은 것은? - [20]

You are far more likely to eat what you can see in plain view. Organize the foods in your kitchen so the best choices are most visible and easily accessible. It also helps to hide poor choices in inconvenient places. An even better idea is to simply get rid of anything with low nutritional value that you may be tempted to eat. Put fruits, vegetables, and other healthy options at eye level in your refrigerator, or leave them out on the table. Even when you aren’t hungry, simply seeing these items will plant a seed in your mind for your next snack. Also consider taking small bags of nuts, fruits, or vegetables with you when you are away from home. That way, you can satisfy a mid-afternoon craving even if

① the best choices are easily accessible.

② you can afford any purchase of food.

③ no good options are available.

④ you can easily find the best choices.

⑤ there is nowhere to visit in the afternoon.

4. 다음 글을 보기와 같이 요약하고자 할 때 빈 칸에 들어갈 가장 적절한 것은? - [21]

Playing any game that involves more than one person teaches kids teamwork, the consequences of cheating, and how to be a good team player whether they win or lose. It’s not hard to see how those skills make it into the daily lives of kids. But like all things we hope to teach our children, learning to cooperate or to compete fairly takes practice. Humans aren’t naturally good at losing, so there will be tears, yelling, and cheating, but that’s okay. The point is, playing games together helps kids with their socialization. It allows them a safe place to practice getting along, following rules, and learning how to be graceful in defeat.

Any game that involves more than one person involves ㅤㅤㅤAㅤㅤㅤ, so when kids go through this process you will start to see more ㅤㅤㅤBㅤㅤㅤ players coming to the game of life.

① competing - intelligent

② socializing - mature

③ learning - sensible

④ cooperating - patient

⑤ teaching - picky

5. 다음 글 다음에 이어질 순서로 가장 적절한 것은? - [22]

"The public growth of the Internet began in the 1990s, as increasing numbers of computers came into homes and workplaces."

(A) Newspapers in the UK followed the same pattern: in 1994, the Sunday Times became the UK’s first newspaper to have an online edition and a few months later the Daily Telegraph launched the Electronic Telegraph, Europe’s first online daily.

(B) The first online newspaper was published in the US and the Chicagobased Tribune was among the first titles to put its content online, in 1991.

(C) As the decade progressed, software developments made the task of creating online content quicker and cheaper—between 1995 and 1998, the number of US dailies on the web grew from 175 to 750.

① (A) - (C) - (B)

② (B) - (C) - (A)

③ (B) - (A) - (C)

④ (C) - (A) - (B)

⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)

6. 다음 문장이 들어갈 위치로 가장 적절한 곳은? - [23]

"For many birds, this struggle could ultimately decide whom they mate with and if they ever raise a family."

Each spring in North America, the early morning hours are filled with the sweet sounds of songbirds, such as sparrows and robins. ( ① ) While it may seem like these birds are simply singing songs, many are in the middle of an intense competition for territories. ( ② ) When the birds return from their winter feeding grounds, the males usually arrive first. ( ③ ) Older, more dominant males will reclaim their old territories: a tree, shrub, or even a window ledge. ( ④ ) Younger males will try to challenge the older ones for space by mimicking the song that the older males are singing. ( ⑤ ) The birds that can sing the loudest and the longest usually wind up with the best territories.        *ledge: 선반 모양의 공간

7. 다음 글의 어법상 가장 어색한 것은? - [25]

Grant Wood grew up on a farm and drew ① with whatever materials could be spared. Often he used charcoal from the wood fire to sketch on a leftover piece of brown paper. He was only ten when his father died, and his mother moved the family to Cedar Rapids, Iowa, ② where Wood went to school. He studied part-time at the State University of Iowa and attended ③ into night classes at the Art Institute of Chicago. When he was 32, he went to Paris to study at the Académie Julian. In 1927, he traveled to Munich, Germany, where some of the most accomplished artists of the period ④ were working. While there, he saw German and Flemish artworks ⑤ that influenced him greatly, especially the work of Jan van Eyck. After that trip, his style changed to reflect the realism of those painters.

8. 다음 글의 어법상 가장 어색한 것은? - [28]

Although sports nutrition is a fairly new academic discipline, there ① have always been recommendations made to athletes about foods that could enhance athletic performance. One ancient Greek athlete is reported ② to have eaten dried figs to enhance training. There are reports that marathon runners in the 1908 Olympics drank cognac to improve performance. The teenage running phenomenon, Mary Decker,③ surprised the sports world in the 1970s when she reported that she ate a plate of spaghetti noodles the night before a race. Such practices may be suggested to athletes because of their real or perceived benefits by individuals who ④ were excelled in their sports. Obviously, some of these practices, such as drinking alcohol during a marathon, are no longer recommended, but others, such as a highcarbohydrate meal the night before a competition, ⑤ has stood the test of time.
*discipline: (학문의) 분야 **phenomenon: 천재

9. 다음 글의 어법상 가장 어색한 것은? - [29]

Although instances ① occur in which partners start their relationship by telling everything about themselves to each other, such instances are rare. In most cases, the amount of disclosure ② increases over time. We begin relationships by revealing relatively little about ourselves; then if our first bits of selfdisclosure ③ is well received and bring on similar responses from the other person, we’re willing to reveal more. This principle is important to remember. It would usually be a mistake to assume ④ that the way to build a strong relationship would be to reveal the most private details about yourself when first ⑤ making contact with another person. Unless the circumstances are unique, such baring of your soul would be likely to scare potential partners away rather than bring them closer.
*bare: 드러내다

10. 다음 글의 제목은? - [30]

Jack stopped the cycle of perfectionism that his son Mark was developing. Mark could not stand to lose at games by the time he was eight years old. Jack was contributing to Mark’s attitude by always letting him win at chess because he didn’t like to see Mark get upset and cry. One day, Jack realized it was more important to allow Mark some experience with losing, so he started winning at least half the games. Mark was upset at first, but soon began to win and lose with more grace. Jack felt a milestone had been reached one day when he was playing catch with Mark and threw a bad ball. Instead of getting upset about missing the ball, Mark was able to use his sense of humor and commented, “Nice throw, Dad. Lousy catch, Mark.”

① why Mark has perfectionism

② the way to reform the behavior for the game

③ how to make Mark be humorous for the game

④ why Jack tries to corrcet Mark's ferfectionism

⑤ how to correct Mark's perfectionism

11. 다음 빈 칸에 들어갈 가장 알맞은 것은? - [31]

Most importantly, money needs to be 　　　　　 in a predictable way. Precious metals have been desirable as money across the millennia not only because they have intrinsic beauty but also because they exist in fixed quantities. Gold and silver enter society at the rate at which they are discovered and mined; additional precious metals cannot be produced, at least not cheaply. Commodities like rice and tobacco can be grown, but that still takes time and resources. A dictator like Zimbabwe’s Robert Mugabe could not order the government to produce 100 trillion tons of rice. He was able to produce and distribute trillions of new Zimbabwe dollars, which is why they eventually became more valuable as toilet paper than currency. *intrinsic: 내재적인

① coined

② durable

③ spent

④ rare

⑤ withdrawn

12. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은? - [32]

In one experiment, children were told they could have one marshmallow treat if they chose to eat it immediately, but two treats if they waited. Most of the children, who ranged in age from 4 to 8, chose to wait, but the strategies they used differed significantly. The 4-year-olds often chose to look at the marshmallows while waiting, a strategy that was not terribly effective. In contrast, 6-and-8 year-olds used language to help overcome temptation, although in different ways. The 6-year-olds spoke and sang to themselves, reminding themselves they would get more treats if they waited. The 8-year-olds focused on aspects of the marshmallows unrelated to taste, such as appearance, which helped them to wait. In short, children used “self-talk” to regulate their behavior.

① Preference of Immediate Needs Over Future Compensation

② A Clever Choice in Living Now Fully Satisfied

③ Marshmallow Test on Children and Their Self Control

④ Better Now Kills a Child's Curiosity

⑤ Effective Ways to Compensate For Good Deeds of Children's

13. 다음 빈 칸에 들어갈 가장 알맞은 것은? - [33]

The desire for fame has its roots in the experience of neglect. No one would want to be famous who hadn’t also, somewhere in the past, been made to feel extremely insignificant. We sense the need for a great deal of admiring attention when we have been painfully exposed to earlier 　　　　　. Perhaps one’s parents were hard to impress. They never noticed one much, they were so busy with other things, focusing on other famous people, unable to have or express kind feelings, or just working too hard. There were no bedtime stories and one’s school reports weren’t the subject of praise and admiration. That’s why one dreams that one day the world will pay attention. When we’re famous, our parents will have to admire us too.

① failure

② abuse

③ obsession

④ deprivation

⑤ bullying

14. (주관식) [서술형]밑줄 친 took up the suggestion이 의미하는 바를 우리말로 쓰시오. - [34]

When the late Theodore Roosevelt came back from Africa, just after he left the White House in 1909, he made his first public appearance at Madison Square Garden. Before he would agree to make the appearance, he carefully arranged for nearly one thousand paid applauders to be scattered throughout the audience to applaud his entrance on the platform. For more than 15 minutes, these paid handclappers made the place ring with their enthusiasm. The rest of the audience took up the suggestion and joined in for another quarter hour. The newspaper men present were literally swept off their feet by the tremendous applause given the American hero, and his name was emblazoned across the headlines of the newspapers in letters two inches high. Roosevelt understood and made intelligent use of personal promotion.
*emblazon: 선명히 새기다

15. 다음 글의 어법상 가장 어색한 것은? - [35]

In addition to controlling temperatures when ① handling fresh produce, control of the atmosphere is important. Some moisture ② is needed in the air to prevent dehydration during storage, but too much moisture can encourage growth of molds. Some commercial storage units have controlled atmospheres, with the levels of both carbon dioxide and moisture ③ regulating carefully. Sometimes other gases, such as ethylene gas, may ④ be introduced at controlled levels to help achieve optimal quality of bananas and other fresh produce. ⑤ Related to the control of gases and moisture is the need for some circulation of air among the stored foods.
*dehydration: 탈수
**controlled atmosphere: 저온 저장과 함께 공기의 농도를 조절하는 장치

16. 다음 글을 통해 유추할 수 있는 것 중 가장 적절한 것은? - [36]

Studies show that no one is “born” to be an entrepreneur and that everyone has the potential to become one. Whether someone does or doesn’t is a function of environment, life experiences, and personal choices. However, there are personality traits and characteristics commonly associated with entrepreneurs. These traits are developed over time and evolve from an individual’s social context. For example, people with parents who were selfemployed are more likely to become entrepreneurs. After witnessing a father’s or mother’s independence in the workplace, an individual is more likely to find independence appealing. Similarly, people who personally know an entrepreneur are more than twice as likely to be involved in starting a new firm as those with no entrepreneur acquaintances or role models. *entrepreneur: 기업가

① Entrepreneurship comes from an interaction of heredity and environment.

② Entrepreneurship is not education worthwhile.

③ Education should be used to trigger dormant entrepreneurship genes.

④ You can't teach someone to be passionate about entrepreneurship.

⑤ Education does have a lasting influence over whether people became entrepreneurs.

17. 다음 빈 칸에 들어갈 가장 알맞은 것은? - [37]

According to the consulting firm McKinsey, knowledge workers spend up to 60 percent of their time looking for information, responding to emails, and collaborating with others. By using social technologies, those workers can become up to 25 percent more productive. The need for productivity gains through working harder and longer 　　　　               　. The solution is to enable people to work smarter, not just by saying it, but by putting smart tools and improved processes in place so that people can perform at enhanced levels. Think of it as the robot-assisted human, given superpowers through the aid of technology. Our jobs become enriched by relying on robots to do the tedious while we work on increasingly more sophisticated tasks.

① has no advantages but its own creativity

② has been the long way for human being to follow

③ has been the main target for most employers

④ has a limit and a human toll

⑤ has dominated the labour flexibility.

18. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은? - [38]

Two major kinds of agerelated structural changes occur in the eye. One is a decrease in the amount of light that passes through the eye, resulting in the need for more light to do tasks such as reading. As you might suspect, this change is one reason why older adults do not see as well in the dark, which may account in part for their reluctance to go places at night. One possible logical response to the need for more light would be to increase illumination levels in general. However, this solution does not work in all situations because we also become increasingly sensitive to glare. In addition, our ability to adjust to changes in illumination, called adaptation, declines. Going from outside into a darkened movie theater involves dark adaptation; going back outside involves light adaptation. Research indicates that the time it takes for both types of adaptation increases with age.

① How to Treat the Aged With Adaptation Difficulties

② Is Ageing What Every Senior Citizen Fear?

③ Why Are the Old Blind At Night?

④ Be Alert When Watching a Film at Night

⑤ Need More Time to Adapt Yourself To Ageing

19. 다음 빈 칸에 들어갈 가장 알맞은 것은? - [39]

By acting on either natural or artificial resources, through techniques, we alter them in various ways. Thus we create artifacts, which form an important aspect of technologies. A clay pot is an example of a material artifact, which, although transformed by human activity, is not all that far removed from its natural state. A plastic cup, a contact lens, and a computer chip, on the other hand, are examples of artifacts that are far removed from the original states of the natural resources needed to create them. Artifacts can serve as resources in other technological processes. This is one of the important 　　　　　 within the technological system. In other words, each new technology increases the stock of available tools and resources that can be employed by other technologies to produce new artifacts.
*artifact: 가공품

① affective effects

② contrast effects

③ substitute effects

④ interaction effects

⑤ domino effects

20. 다음 글을 통해 유추할 수 있는 것 중 가장 적절하지 않는 것은? - [40]

Despite all the talk of how weak intentions are in the face of habits, it’s worth emphasizing that much of the time even our strong habits do follow our intentions. We are mostly doing what we intend to do, even though it’s happening automatically. This probably goes for many habits: although we perform them without bringing the intention to consciousness, the habits still line up with our original intentions. Even better, our automatic, unconscious habits can keep us safe even when our conscious mind is distracted. We look both ways before crossing the road despite thinking about a rather depressing holiday we took in Brazil, and we put oven gloves on before reaching into the oven despite being preoccupied about whether the cabbage is overcooked. In both cases, our goal of keeping ourselves alive and unburnt is served by our automatic, unconscious habits.

① When we form an intention, a habit leads us to act in line with that intention.

② When established habits were weak, intentions tended to predict behavior.

③ As habits get stronger, our intentions predict our behavior less and less.

④ Considering how powerful habits are in the face of conscious intentions, it is vital to know what a strong habit is compared with a weak habit.

⑤ We have less intentional, conscious control over these types of behaviors such as daily actions like wearing a seatbelt, catching up on the news, or checking your email than we would like to think.

21. 다음 글의 어법상 가장 어색한 것은? - [19]

On December 6th, I arrived at University Hospital in Cleveland at 10:00 a.m. I went through the process of admissions. I grew anxious ① because the time for surgery was drawing closer. I was directed to the waiting area, ② where I remained until my name was called. I had a few hours of waiting time. I just kept ③ praying. At some point in my ongoing prayer process, before my name was called, in the midst of the chaos, an unbelievable peace embraced me. All my fear ④ was disappeared! An unbelievable peace overrode my emotions. My physical body relaxed in the comfort provided, and I looked forward to ⑤ getting the surgery over with and working hard at recovery.

22. (A),(B),(C)의 각 네모 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로 가장 적절한 것은? - [20]

You are far more likely to eat what you can see in plain view. Organize the foods in your kitchen so the best choices are most visible and easily accessible. It also helps to hide poor choices in (A) [convenient / inconvenient] places. An even better idea is to simply get rid of anything with (B) [low / high] nutritional value that you may be tempted to eat. Put fruits, vegetables, and other healthy options at eye level in your refrigerator, or leave them out on the table. Even when you aren’t hungry, simply seeing these items will plant a seed in your mind for your next snack. Also consider taking small bags of nuts, fruits, or vegetables with you when you are away from home. That way, you can satisfy a midafternoon craving even if (C) [healthy / no good] options are available.

① inconvenient - high - no good

② inconvenient - low - no good

③ convenient - high - healthy

④ convenient - low - no good

⑤ convenient - low - no good

23. 다음 글의 어법상 가장 어색한 것은? - [21]

Playing any game that ① involves more than one person teaches kids teamwork, the consequences of cheating, and how to be a good team player ② whether they win or lose. It’s not hard to see how those skills make it into the daily lives of kids. But like all things we hope to teach our children, ③ learning to cooperate or to compete fairly takes practice. Humans aren’t naturally good at losing, so there will be tears, yelling, and ④ cheating, but that’s okay. The point is, playing games together helps kids with their socialization. It allows them a safe place ⑤ practice getting along, following rules, and learning how to be graceful in defeat.

24. 다음 글의 어법상 가장 어색한 것은? - [22]

The public growth of the Internet began in the 1990s, as ① increasing numbers of computers came into homes and workplaces. The first online newspaper ② was published in the US and the Chicagobased Tribune was among the first titles to put its content online, in 1991. As the decade ③ progressing, software developments ④ made the task of creating online content quicker and cheaper—between 1995 and 1998, the number of US dailies on the web grew from 175 to 750. Newspapers in the UK followed the same pattern: in 1994, the Sunday Times became the UK’s first newspaper to have an online edition and a few months later the Daily Telegraph ⑤ launched the Electronic Telegraph, Europe’s first online daily.

25. 다음 글 다음에 이어질 순서로 가장 적절한 것은? - [23]

"Each spring in North America, the early morning hours are filled with the sweet sounds of songbirds, such as sparrows and robins."

(A) When the birds return from their winter feeding grounds, the males usually arrive first. Older, more dominant males will reclaim their old territories: a tree, shrub, or even a window ledge.

(B) While it may seem like these birds are simply singing songs, many are in the middle of an intense competition for territories. For many birds, this struggle could ultimately decide whom they mate with and if they ever raise a family.

(C) Younger males will try to challenge the older ones for space by mimicking the song that the older males are singing. The birds that can sing the loudest and the longest usually wind up with the best territories.
*ledge: 선반 모양의 공간

① (A) - (C) - (B)

② (B) - (C) - (A)

③ (B) - (A) - (C)

④ (C) - (A) - (B)

⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)

26. 다음 빈 칸에 들어갈 가장 알맞은 것은? - [28]

Although sports nutrition is a fairly new academic discipline, there have always been recommendations made to athletes about foods that 　　　　　. One ancient Greek athlete is reported to have eaten dried figs to enhance training. There are reports that marathon runners in the 1908 Olympics drank cognac to improve performance. The teenage running phenomenon, Mary Decker, surprised the sports world in the 1970s when she reported that she ate a plate of spaghetti noodles the night before a race. Such practices may be suggested to athletes because of their real or perceived benefits by individuals who excelled in their sports. Obviously, some of these practices, such as drinking alcohol during a marathon, are no longer recommended, but others, such as a highcarbohydrate meal the night before a competition, have stood the test of time.
*discipline: (학문의) 분야 **phenomenon: 천재

① could help athletes feel comfortable

② may hinder athletes from performing better

③ can cause stomach problems

④ could help recover from the defeat

⑤ could enhance athletic performance

27. 다음 글을 통해 유추할 수 있는 것 중 가장 적절한 것은? - [29]

Although instances occur in which partners start their relationship by telling everything about themselves to each other, such instances are rare. In most cases, the amount of disclosure increases over time. We begin relationships by revealing relatively little about ourselves; then if our first bits of selfdisclosure are well received and bring on similar responses from the other person, we’re willing to reveal more. This principle is important to remember. It would usually be a mistake to assume that the way to build a strong relationship would be to reveal the most private details about yourself when first making contact with another person. Unless the circumstances are unique, such baring of your soul would be likely to scare potential partners away rather than bring them closer.
*bare: 드러내다

① Self disclosure is influenced by culture.

② Self disclosure usually occurs in a pair.

③ Effective self disclosure is usually symmetrical.

④ Effective self disclosure occurs ceaselessly.

⑤ Self disclosure is relatively scarce.

28. 다음 글의 내용과 일치하는 것은? - [30]

Jack stopped the cycle of perfectionism that his son Mark was developing. Mark could not stand to lose at games by the time he was eight years old. Jack was contributing to Mark’s attitude by always letting him win at chess because he didn’t like to see Mark get upset and cry. One day, Jack realized it was more important to allow Mark some experience with losing, so he started winning at least half the games. Mark was upset at first, but soon began to win and lose with more grace. Jack felt a milestone had been reached one day when he was playing catch with Mark and threw a bad ball. Instead of getting upset about missing the ball, Mark was able to use his sense of humor and commented, “Nice throw, Dad. Lousy catch, Mark.”

① Jack made Mark have perfectionism.

② Mark sticked to win only his father.

③ Jack always tried to win his son more than half.

④ Mark could have less perfectionism increasingly.

⑤ Mark's father didn't like for his son to win the game.

29. (주관식) 다음 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것을 골라 본문의 단어를 이용해 고쳐 쓰시오. - [31]

Most importantly, money needs to be ①rare in a predictable way. Precious metals have been desirable as money across the millennia not only because they have intrinsic beauty but also because they exist in ②stable quantities. Gold and silver enter society at the rate at which they are discovered and mined; additional precious metals cannot be produced, at least not cheaply. Commodities like rice and tobacco can be grown, but that still ③needs time and resources. A dictator like Zimbabwe’s Robert Mugabe could not order the government to produce 100 trillion tons of rice. He was able to produce and ④circulate trillions of new Zimbabwe dollars, which is why they eventually became more ⑤valueless as toilet paper than currency. *intrinsic: 내재적인

30. 다음 글을 통해 유추할 수 있는 것 중 가장 적절하지 않는 것은? - [32]

In one experiment, children were told they could have one marshmallow treat if they chose to eat it immediately, but two treats if they waited. Most of the children, who ranged in age from 4 to 8, chose to wait, but the strategies they used differed significantly. The 4year olds often chose to look at the marshmallows while waiting, a strategy that was not terribly effective. In contrast, 6 and 8 year olds used language to help overcome temptation, although in different ways. The 6 year olds spoke and sang to themselves, reminding themselves they would get more treats if they waited. The 8 year olds focused on aspects of the marshmallows unrelated to taste, such as appearance, which helped them to wait. In short, children used “self talk” to regulate their behavior.

① This passage shows procrastination is one of man’s great challenges.

② The 4 year olds have a tendency that results must come quickly, so they often choose a quick bad solution rather than a solution that will take longer but that is better.

③ The subjects in the experiment were told that if they waited, they could pay double consequences.

④ Some of the children lacked self control and ate one of the treats immediately.

⑤ The experiment’s result showed that 33 percent could not resist the temptation and ate one of the treats.

31. 다음 글의 어법상 가장 어색한 것은? - [33]

The desire for fame has its roots in the experience of neglect. No one would want to be famous who hadn’t also, somewhere in the past, been made ①feel extremely ② insignificant. We sense the need for a great deal of admiring attention when we have been painfully ③ exposed to earlier deprivation. Perhaps one’s parents were hard to impress. They never noticed one much, they were so busy with other things, focusing on other famous people, unable to have or express kind feelings, or just ④ working too hard. There were no bedtime stories and one’s school reports weren’t the subject of praise and admiration. That’s ⑤ why one dreams that one day the world will pay attention. When we’re famous, our parents will have to admire us too.

32. 다음 글의 어법상 가장 어색한 것은? - [34]

When the ① late Theodore Roosevelt came back from Africa, just after he left the White House in 1909, he made his first public appearance at Madison Square Garden. Before he would agree to make the appearance, he carefully arranged for nearly one thousand paid applauders ② to scatter throughout the audience to applaud his entrance on the platform. For more than 15 minutes, these paid handclappers made the place ring with their enthusiasm. The rest of the audience ③ took up the suggestion and joined in for another quarter hour. The newspaper men ④ present were literally swept off their feet by the tremendous applause ⑤ given the American hero, and his name was emblazoned across the headlines of the newspapers in letters two inches high. Roosevelt understood and made intelligent use of personal promotion.
*emblazon: 선명히 새기다

33. 다음 글의 어법상 가장 어색한 것은? - [35]

In addition to ① controlling temperatures when handling fresh produce, control of the atmosphere is important. Some moisture is needed in the air to prevent dehydration ② during storage, but too much moisture can encourage growth of molds. Some commercial storage units have controlled atmospheres, with the levels of both carbon dioxide and moisture ③ being regulated carefully. Sometimes other gases, such as ethylene gas, may be introduced at controlled levels to help ④ achieve optimal quality of bananas and other fresh produce. Related to the control of gases and moisture ⑤ are the need for some circulation of air among the stored foods.
*dehydration: 탈수
**controlled atmosphere: 저온 저장과 함께 공기의 농도를 조절하는 장치

34. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은? - [36]

Studies show that no one is “born” to be an entrepreneur and that everyone has the potential to become one. Whether someone does or doesn’t is a function of environment, life experiences, and personal choices. However, there are personality traits and characteristics commonly associated with entrepreneurs. These traits are developed over time and evolve from an individual’s social context. For example, people with parents who were selfemployed are more likely to become entrepreneurs. After witnessing a father’s or mother’s independence in the workplace, an individual is more likely to find independence appealing. Similarly, people who personally know an entrepreneur are more than twice as likely to be involved in starting a new firm as those with no entrepreneur acquaintances or role models. *entrepreneur: 기업가

① Born, Not Made: The Entrepreneurial Personality

② What's the Entrepreneurial Personality Traits?

③ What Does It Take to Become An Entrepreneur?

④ Entrepreneurs: Nature vs. Nurture

⑤ Effect of Individual’s Social Context on Personality

35. 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은? - [37]

According to the consulting firm McKinsey, knowledge workers spend up to 60 percent of their time looking for information, responding to emails, and collaborating with others. By using social technologies, those workers can become up to 25 percent more productive. The need for productivity gains through working harder and longer has a limit and a human toll. The solution is to enable people to work smarter, not just by saying it, but by putting smart tools and improved processes in place so that people can perform at enhanced levels. Think of it as the robotassisted human, given superpowers through the aid of technology. Our jobs become enriched by relying on robots to do the tedious while we work on increasingly more sophisticated tasks.
*tedious: 지루한, 싫증 나는

① Knowledge workers spent more than half of their time writing emails, searching for information and collaboration.

② By integrating social technologies businesses can boost productivity for highly skilled workers, including management, by as much as 25 percent.

③ The tool for collaboration and knowledge sharing is leveraged through social technologies.

④ The use of social technologies is likely to increase the creativity of the workers.

⑤ It's one of the solutions for the automated device to take on the repetitive tasks.

36. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은? - [38]

Two major kinds of agerelated structural changes occur in the eye. One is a decrease in the amount of light that passes through the eye, resulting in the need for more light to do tasks such as reading. As you might suspect, this change is one reason why older adults do not see as well in the dark, which may account in part for their reluctance to go places at night. One possible logical response to the need for more light would be to increase illumination levels in general. However, this solution does not work in all situations because we also become increasingly sensitive to glare. In addition, our ability to adjust to changes in illumination, called adaptation, declines. Going from outside into a darkened movie theater involves dark adaptation; going back outside involves light adaptation. Research indicates that the time it takes for both types of adaptation increases with age.

① Age_related Structural Changes In the Eye

② Extensive Study on The Retinal Changes

③ Physiological Changes On Visual Changes

④ Preventive Measures Should Be Immediately Taken

⑤ Why Are So Many Old People Conservative?

37. 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은? - [39]

By acting on either natural or artificial resources, through techniques, we alter them in various ways. Thus we create artifacts, which form an important aspect of technologies. A clay pot is an example of a material artifact, which, although transformed by human activity, is not all that far removed from its natural state. A plastic cup, a contact lens, and a computer chip, on the other hand, are examples of artifacts that are far removed from the original states of the natural resources needed to create them. Artifacts can serve as resources in other technological processes. This is one of the important interaction effects within the technological system. In other words, each new technology increases the stock of available tools and resources that can be employed by other technologies to produce new artifacts.

① 천연재료와 인공재료에 기술을 접목시켜 새로운 형태로 변형한다.

② 점토로 만든 항아리는 천연상태를 보존한 형태의 공예품이다.

③ 컴퓨터칩등은 기술접목과정에서 천연재의 성질이 다수 잃어버린다.

④ 인위적인 기술활동의 결과물이 또 다른 기술의 재료가 될 수 있다.

⑤ 새로운 기술은 활용가능한 도구와 재료를 통해 주가를 상승시킨다.

38. 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은? - [40]

Despite all the talk of how weak intentions are in the face of habits, it’s worth emphasizing that much of the time even our strong habits do follow our intentions. We are mostly doing what we intend to do, even though it’s happening automatically. This probably goes for many habits: although we perform them without bringing the intention to consciousness, the habits still line up with our original intentions. Even better, our automatic, unconscious habits can keep us safe even when our conscious mind is distracted. We look both ways before crossing the road despite thinking about a rather depressing holiday we took in Brazil, and we put oven gloves on before reaching into the oven despite being preoccupied about whether the cabbage is overcooked. In both cases, our goal of keeping ourselves alive and unburnt is served by our automatic, unconscious habits.

① It is commonly thought that strong habits override our conscious intentions.

② There might be habitual occurrences with no conscious purposes.

③ We are never doing anything without bringing its intention to our consciousness.

④ The act of putting on oven gloves is one of our habits before reaching out the oven.

⑤ Our habits can function as one of keys to keeping us alive.

39. 다음 글의 어법상 가장 어색한 것은? - [19]

On December 6th, I arrived at University Hospital in Cleveland at 10:00 a.m. I went through the process of admissions. I grew anxious ① because the time for surgery was drawing closer. I ② was directed to the waiting area, where I remained until my name was called. I had a few hours of waiting time. I just kept praying. At some point in my ongoing prayer process, before my name was called, in the midst of the chaos, an unbelievable peace ③ embraced me. All my fear ④ was disappeared! An unbelievable peace overrode my emotions. My physical body relaxed in the comfort provided, and I looked forward to ⑤ getting the surgery over with and working hard at recovery.

40. 다음 문장이 들어갈 위치로 가장 적절한 곳은? - [20]

"Even when you aren’t hungry, simply seeing these items will plant a seed in your mind for your next snack."

You are far more likely to eat what you can see in plain view. Organize the foods in your kitchen so the best choices are most visible and easily accessible. ( ① ) It also helps to hide poor choices in inconvenient places. ( ② ) An even better idea is to simply get rid of anything with low nutritional value that you may be tempted to eat. ( ③ ) Put fruits, vegetables, and other healthy options at eye level in your refrigerator, or leave them out on the table. ( ④ ) Also consider taking small bags of nuts, fruits, or vegetables with you when you are away from home. ( ⑤ ) That way, you can satisfy a midafternoon craving even if no good options are available.
*craving: 갈망, 욕구

41. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은? - [21]

Playing any game that involves more than one person teaches kids teamwork, the consequences of cheating, and how to be a good team player whether they win or lose. It’s not hard to see how those skills make it into the daily lives of kids. But like all things we hope to teach our children, learning to cooperate or to compete fairly takes practice. Humans aren’t naturally good at losing, so there will be tears, yelling, and cheating, but that’s okay. The point is, playing games together helps kids with their socialization. It allows them a safe place to practice getting along, following rules, and learning how to be graceful in defeat.

① The negative effects of prior learning

② Psychology that applies to various fields

③ The effect of fine dust on children's learning

④ An increase in immigration to learn English

⑤ The positive effects of socialization on children.

42. 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은? - [22]

The public growth of the Internet began in the 1990s, as increasing numbers of computers came into homes and workplaces. The first online newspaper was published in the US and the Chicago-based Tribune was among the first titles to put its content online, in 1991. As the decade progressed, software developments made the task of creating online content quicker and cheaper—between 1995 and 1998, the number of US dailies on the web grew from 175 to 750. Newspapers in the UK followed the same pattern: in 1994, the Sunday Times became the UK’s first newspaper to have an online edition and a few months later the Daily Telegraph launched the Electronic Telegraph, Europe’s first online daily.

① 인터넷 성장이 시작되면서 가정과 직장으로 많은 컴퓨터가 들어왔다.

② 1991년에 미국에서 최초로 신문을 온라인으로 제공했다.

③ 소프트웨어의 발전이 온라인 컨텐츠의 작업을 빠르고 값싸게 만들었다.

④ 영국은 미국과는 다른 온라인 판 신문을 시작하였다.

⑤ 유럽 최초의 온라인 일간지는 Electronic Telegraph 이다.

43. 다음 글의 어법상 가장 어색한 것은? - [23]

Each spring in North America, the early morning hours are filled with the sweet sounds of songbirds, such as sparrows and robins. While it ① may seem like these birds are simply singing songs, many are in the middle of an intense competition for territories. For many birds, this struggle could ultimately decide ② that they mate with and if they ever raise a family. When the birds return from their winter ③ feeding grounds, the males usually ④ arrive first. Older, more dominant males will reclaim their old territories: a tree, shrub, or even a window ledge. Younger males will try ⑤ to challenge the older ones for space by mimicking the song that the older males are singing. The birds that can sing the loudest and the longest usually wind up with the best territories.
*ledge: 선반 모양의 공간

44. (주관식) 다음글의 제목을 다음과 같이 정리할 때 빈칸에 알맞은 단어를 본문에서 찾아 써 넣으시오. - [28]

Although sports nutrition is a fairly new academic discipline, there have always been recommendations made to athletes about foods that could enhance athletic performance. One ancient Greek athlete is reported to have eaten dried figs to enhance training. There are reports that marathon runners in the 1908 Olympics drank cognac to improve performance. The teenage running phenomenon, Mary Decker, surprised the sports world in the 1970s when she reported that she ate a plate of spaghetti noodles the night before a race. Such practices may be suggested to athletes because of their real or perceived benefits by individuals who excelled in their sports. Obviously, some of these practices, such as drinking alcohol during a marathon, are no longer recommended, but others, such as a highcarbohydrate meal the night before a competition, have stood the test of time.

Various ______________ that athletes have eaten to ______________ their ___________________

45. (주관식) 위글을 다음과 같이 한 문장으로 요약할 때 빈칸에 들어갈 말을 본문에 있는 단어 중 필요하면 어형을 바꾸어 주어진 철자로 시작하여 쓰시오. - [29]

Although instances occur in which partners start their relationship by telling everything about themselves to each other, such instances are rare. In most cases, the amount of disclosure increases over time. We begin relationships by revealing relatively little about ourselves; then if our first bits of selfdisclosure are well received and bring on similar responses from the other person, we’re willing to reveal more. This principle is important to remember. It would usually be a mistake to assume that the way to build a strong relationship would be to reveal the most private details about yourself when first making contact with another person. Unless the circumstances are unique, such baring of your soul would be likely to scare potential partners away rather than bring them closer.

We generally tend to d__________ little about ourselves to partners when starting the relationship, and as time passes by we gradually reveal m________ when the partner shows similar reaction.

46. 다음 중 가리키는 대상이 다른 하나는? - [30]

Jack stopped the cycle of perfectionism that his son Mark was developing. Mark could not stand to lose at games by the time he was eight years old. His father was contributing to Mark’s attitude by always letting ① him win at chess because ② he didn’t like to see him get upset and cry. One day, Jack realized it was more important to allow ③ him some experience with losing, so he started winning at least half the games. Mark was upset at first, but soon began to win and lose with more grace. Jack felt a milestone had been reached one day when he was playing catch with ④ him and threw a bad ball. Instead of getting upset about missing the ball, Mark was able to use ⑤ his sense of humor and commented, “Nice throw, Dad. Lousy catch, Mark.”

47. 다음 글의 어법상 가장 어색한 것은? - [31]

Most importantly, money needs to be scarce in a predictable way. Precious metals have been desirable as money across the millennia not only because they have intrinsic beauty but also ① because they existed in fixed quantities. Gold and silver ② enter into society at the rate at which they ③ are discovered and mined; additional precious metals cannot be produced, at least not cheaply. Commodities like rice and tobacco can be grown, but that still takes time and resources. A dictator like Zimbabwe’s Robert Mugabe could not order the government ④ to produce 100 trillion tons of rice. He was able to produce and ⑤ distribute trillions of new Zimbabwe dollars, which is why they eventually became more valuable as toilet paper than currency.
*intrinsic: 내재적인

48. 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은? - [32]

In one experiment, children were told they could have one marshmallow treat if they chose to eat it immediately, but two treats if they waited. Most of the children, who ranged in age from 4 to 8, chose to wait, but the strategies they used differed significantly. The 4-year-olds often chose to look at the marshmallows while waiting, a strategy that was not terribly effective. In contrast, 6-and-8 year-olds used language to help overcome temptation, although in different ways. The 6-year-olds spoke and sang to themselves, reminding themselves they would get more treats if they waited. The 8-year-olds focused on aspects of the marshmallows unrelated to taste, such as appearance, which helped them to wait. In short, children used “self-talk” to regulate their behavior.

① A study was conducted on the self control of children's.

② Every participant in the experiment decided to wait for a bigger compensation.

③ The youngest group chose the ineffective strategy of waiting.

④ Despite their ways, some subjects had something in common in using the language.

⑤ The oldest participant concentrated on the aspects they could observe.

49. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은? - [33]

The desire for fame has its roots in the experience of neglect. No one would want to be famous who hadn’t also, somewhere in the past, been made to feel extremely insignificant. We sense the need for a great deal of admiring attention when we have been painfully exposed to earlier deprivation. Perhaps one’s parents were hard to impress. They never noticed one much, they were so busy with other things, focusing on other famous people, unable to have or express kind feelings, or just working too hard. There were no bedtime stories and one’s school reports weren’t the subject of praise and admiration. That’s why one dreams that one day the world will pay attention. When we’re famous, our parents will have to admire us too.

① Dealing method for the depriving experience

② Disregarded feeling leading to desire for being famous

③ The effects of a child abuse for his/her entire life

④ Neglected feeling; Good or bad for personal identity

⑤ The critical desires of human being differentiating from animal

50. 다음 문장이 들어갈 위치로 가장 적절한 곳은? - [34]

"The rest of the audience took up the suggestion and joined in for another quarter hour."

( ① ) When the late Theodore Roosevelt came back from Africa, just after he left the White House in 1909, he made his first public appearance at Madison Square Garden. ( ② ) Before he would agree to make the appearance, he carefully arranged for nearly one thousand paid applauders to be scattered throughout the audience to applaud his entrance on the platform. ( ③ ) For more than 15 minutes, these paid handclappers made the place ring with their enthusiasm. ( ④ ) The newspaper men present were literally swept off their feet by the tremendous applause given the American hero, and his name was emblazoned across the headlines of the newspapers in letters two inches high. ( ⑤ ) Roosevelt understood and made intelligent use of personal promotion.

51. (주관식) 빈칸에 알맞은 말을 본문에서 찾아 한 단어로 쓰시오. - [35]

In addition to controlling temperatures when handling fresh produce, control of the 　　A　　 is important. Some moisture is needed in the air to prevent dehydration during storage, but too much moisture can encourage growth of molds. Some commercial storage units have controlled atmospheres, with the levels of both carbon dioxide and moisture being regulated carefully. Sometimes other gases, such as ethylene gas, may be introduced at controlled levels to help achieve optimal quality of bananas and other fresh produce. Related to the control of gases and moisture is the need for some circulation of air among the stored foods.

52. 다음 문장이 들어갈 위치로 가장 적절한 곳은? - [36]

"For example, people with parents who were self-employed are more likely to become entrepreneurs. "

Studies show that no one is “born” to be an entrepreneur and that everyone has the potential to become one. ( ① ) Whether someone does or doesn’t is a function of environment, life experiences, and personal choices. ( ② ) However, there are personality traits and characteristics commonly associated with entrepreneurs. ( ③ ) These traits are developed over time and evolve from an individual’s social context. ( ④ ) After witnessing a father’s or mother’s independence in the workplace, an individual is more likely to find independence appealing. ( ⑤ ) Similarly, people who personally know an entrepreneur are more than twice as likely to be involved in starting a new firm as those with no entrepreneur acquaintances or role models.

*entrepreneur: 기업가

53. 다음 빈 칸에 들어갈 가장 알맞은 것은? - [37]

According to the consulting firm McKinsey, knowledge workers spend up to 60 percent of their time looking for information, responding to emails, and collaborating with others. By using social technologies, those workers can become up to 25 percent more productive. The need for productivity gains through working harder and longer has a limit and a human toll.The solution is to enable people to work smarter, not just by saying it, but by putting smart tools and improved processes in place so that people can perform at enhanced levels. Think of it as the robotassisted human, given superpowers through the aid of technology. Our jobs become enriched by relying on robots to do the tedious while 　　　　　.

① other competitors take the place of our jobs

② the global financial holding companies take benefits from the outsides

③ the world is controlled by the Artificial Intelligence

④ we have to prepare for any aggressive conflict from robots

⑤ we work on increasingly more sophisticated tasks

54. 다음 글 다음에 이어질 순서로 가장 적절한 것은? - [38]

"Two major kinds of agerelated structural changes occur in the eye. One is a decrease in the amount of light that passes through the eye, resulting in the need for more light to do tasks such as reading."

(A) However, this solution does not work in all situations because we also become increasingly sensitive to glare.In addition, our ability to adjust to changes in illumination, called adaptation, declines.

(B) Going from outside into a darkened movie theater involves dark adaptation; going back outside involves light adaptation. Research indicates that the time it takes for both types of adaptation increases with age.

(C) As you might suspect, this change is one reason why older adults do not see as well in the dark, which may account in part for their reluctance to go places at night. One possible logical response to the need for more light would be to increase illumination levels in general.

① (A) - (C) - (B)

② (B) - (C) - (A)

③ (B) - (A) - (C)

④ (C) - (A) - (B)

⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)

55. 다음 빈 칸에 들어갈 가장 알맞은 것은? - [39]

By acting on either natural or artificial resources, through techniques, we alter them in various ways. Thus we create artifacts, which form an important aspect of technologies. A clay pot is an example of a material artifact, which, although transformed by human activity, is not all that far removed from its natural state. A plastic cup, a contact lens, and a computer chip, on the other hand, are examples of artifacts that are far removed from the original states of the natural resources needed to create them. Artifacts can serve as resources in other technological processes. This is one of the important interaction effects within the technological system. In other words, each new technology increases the stock of available tools and resources that can be employed by other technologies

① to gain a maximal profit.

② to eliminate the previous artifacts.

③ to produce new artifacts.

④ to preserve the original state of resources

⑤ to remove the artificial state of resources

56. 다음 빈 칸에 들어갈 가장 알맞은 것은? - [40]

Despite all the talk of how weak intentions are in the face of habits, it’s worth emphasizing that 　　　　　. We are mostly doing what we intend to do, even though it’s happening automatically. This probably goes for many habits: although we perform them without bringing the intention to consciousness, the habits still line up with our original intentions. Even better, our automatic, unconscious habits can keep us safe even when our conscious mind is distracted. We look both ways before crossing the road despite thinking about a rather depressing holiday we took in Brazil, and we put oven gloves on before reaching into the oven despite being preoccupied about whether the cabbage is overcooked. In both cases, our goal of keeping ourselves alive and unburnt is served by our automatic, unconscious habits.

① all the time our life safety rules are governing our routines.

② much of the time is usually spent breaking down our habits.

③ our automatic responsiveness is highly developed in our inherent systems.

④ much of the time even intentions do override our habits.

⑤ great attention should be paid to our consciousness.

57. 다음 글 다음에 이어질 순서로 가장 적절한 것은? - [20]

"You are far more likely to eat what you can see in plain view. Organize the foods in your kitchen so the best choices are most visible and easily accessible."

(A) Put fruits, vegetables, and other healthy options at eye level in your refrigerator, or leave them out on the table. Even when you aren’t hungry, simply seeing these items will plant a seed in your mind for your next snack.

(B) Also consider taking small bags of nuts, fruits, or vegetables with you when you are away from home. That way, you can satisfy a midafternoon craving even if no good options are available.

(C) It also helps to hide poor choices in inconvenient places. An even better idea is to simply get rid of anything with low nutritional value that you may be tempted to eat.
*craving: 갈망, 욕구

① (A) - (C) - (B)

② (B) - (C) - (A)

③ (B) - (A) - (C)

④ (C) - (A) - (B)

⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)

58. 다음 글 다음에 이어질 순서로 가장 적절한 것은? - [21]

"Playing any game that involves more than one person teaches kids teamwork, the consequences of cheating, and how to be a good team player whether they win or lose."

(A) It allows them a safe place to practice getting along, following rules, and learning how to be graceful in defeat.

(B) Humans aren’t naturally good at losing, so there will be tears, yelling, and cheating, but that’s okay. The point is, playing games together helps kids with their socialization.

(C) It’s not hard to see how those skills make it into the daily lives of kids. But like all things we hope to teach our children, learning to cooperate or to compete fairly takes practice.

① (A) - (C) - (B)

② (B) - (C) - (A)

③ (B) - (A) - (C)

④ (C) - (A) - (B)

⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)

59. 다음 글의 어법상 가장 어색한 것은? - [22]

The public growth of the Internet began in the 1990s, as ① increasing numbers of computers came into homes and workplaces. The first online newspaper was published in the US and the Chicagobased Tribune was among the first titles ② to put its content online, in 1991. As the decade progressed, software developments made the task of creating online content quicker and cheaper—between 1995 and 1998, the number of US dailies on the web ③ was grown from 175 to 750. Newspapers in the UK ④ followed the same pattern: in 1994, the Sunday Times became the UK’s first newspaper to have an online edition and ⑤ a few months later the Daily Telegraph launched the Electronic Telegraph, Europe’s first online daily.

60. 다음 문장이 들어갈 위치로 가장 적절한 곳은? - [28]

"Such practices may be suggested to athletes because of their real or perceived benefits by individuals who excelled in their sports."

Although sports nutrition is a fairly new academic discipline, there have always been recommendations made to athletes about foods that could enhance athletic performance. ( ① ) One ancient Greek athlete is reported to have eaten dried figs to enhance training. ( ② ) There are reports that marathon runners in the 1908 Olympics drank cognac to improve performance. ( ③ ) The teenage running phenomenon, Mary Decker, surprised the sports world in the 1970s when she reported that she ate a plate of spaghetti noodles the night before a race. ( ④ ) Obviously, some of these practices, such as drinking alcohol during a marathon, are no longer recommended, but others, such as a highcarbohydrate meal the night before a competition, have stood the test of time. ( ⑤ )
*discipline: (학문의) 분야 **phenomenon: 천재

61. 다음 글의 어법상 가장 어색한 것은? - [30]

Jack stopped the cycle of perfectionism ① that his son Mark was developing. Mark could not stand to lose at games by the time he was eight years old. Jack was ② contributing to Mark’s attitude by always letting him win at chess because he didn’t like to see Mark get upset and cry. One day, Jack realized it was more important to allow Mark ③ to experience with losing, so he started winning at least half the games. Mark was upset at first, but soon began to win and lose with more grace. Jack felt a milestone ④ had reached one day when he was playing catch with Mark and threw a bad ball. Instead of getting upset about ⑤ missing the ball, Mark was able to use his sense of humor and commented, “Nice throw, Dad. Lousy catch, Mark.”

62. 다음 글의 어법상 가장 어색한 것은? - [31]

Most importantly, money needs to be scarce in a predictable way. Precious metals ① have been desirable as money across the millennia not only because they have intrinsic beauty but also because they ② exist in fixed quantities. Gold and silver enter society at the rate ③ which they are discovered and mined; additional precious metals cannot be produced, at least not cheaply. Commodities like rice and tobacco ④ can be grown, but that still takes time and resources. A dictator like Zimbabwe’s Robert Mugabe could not order the government ⑤ to produce 100 trillion tons of rice. He was able to produce and distribute trillions of new Zimbabwe dollars, which is why they eventually became more valuable as toilet paper than currency.
*intrinsic: 내재적인

63. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은? - [32]

In one experiment, children were told they could have one marshmallow treat if they chose to eat it immediately, but two treats if they waited. Most of the children, who ranged in age from 4 to 8, chose to wait, but the strategies they used differed significantly. The 4-year-olds often chose to look at the marshmallows while waiting, a strategy that was not terribly effective. In contrast, 6-and-8 year-olds used language to help overcome temptation, although in different ways. The 6-year-olds spoke and sang to themselves, reminding themselves they would get more treats if they waited. The 8-year-olds focused on aspects of the marshmallows unrelated to taste, such as appearance, which helped them to wait. In short, children used “self-talk” to regulate their behavior.

① Can't Children Be Bilingual?

② Effective Teaching Methods For Better Parents

③ One or Two Treats? Different Strategies Children Used

④ No Temptation for Anything Not Tasty

⑤ Marshmallow; One of Best Treats For Your Kids

64. 다음 글의 내용과 일치하는 것은? - [33]

The desire for fame has its roots in the experience of neglect. No one would want to be famous who hadn’t also, somewhere in the past, been made to feel extremely insignificant. We sense the need for a great deal of admiring attention when we have been painfully exposed to earlier deprivation. Perhaps one’s parents were hard to impress. They never noticed one much, they were so busy with other things, focusing on other famous people, unable to have or express kind feelings, or just working too hard. There were no bedtime stories and one’s school reports weren’t the subject of praise and admiration. That’s why one dreams that one day the world will pay attention. When we’re famous, our parents will have to admire us too.

① 명성에 대한 욕구는 무시당한 경험과 연관성이 없다.

② 하찮다고 느껴지는 경험을 해본사람이 유명하게 되길 원하지 않는다.

③ 박탈감을 겪지 않았을때 우리를 대단하다고 보는 많은 관심의 필요를 느낀다.

④ 어떤 이의 부모로부터 감명받기 어려웠을 것이다.

⑤ 우리가 유명하면, 우리의 부모 역시 우리를 대단하게 볼 수밖에 없을 것이다.

65. 다음 글을 보기와 같이 요약하고자 할 때 빈 칸에 들어갈 가장 적절한 것은? - [34]

When the late Theodore Roosevelt came back from Africa, just after he left the White House in 1909, he made his first public appearance at Madison Square Garden. Before he would agree to make the appearance, he carefully arranged for nearly one thousand paid applauders to be scattered throughout the audience to applaud his entrance on the platform. For more than 15 minutes, these paid handclappers made the place ring with their enthusiasm. The rest of the audience took up the suggestion and joined in for another quarter hour. The newspaper men present were literally swept off their feet by the tremendous applause given the American hero, and his name was emblazoned across the headlines of the newspapers in letters two inches high. Roosevelt understood and made intelligent use of personal promotion.

Theodore Roosevelt seemed to be well aware of the way to ㅤㅤㅤAㅤㅤㅤ the public opinion, and ㅤㅤㅤBㅤㅤㅤ in achieving his goal.

① manipulate - succeeded

② follow - failed

③ manipulate - failed

④ distort - succeeded

⑤ support - outstood

66. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은? - [35]

In addition to controlling temperatures when handling fresh produce, control of the atmosphere is important. Some moisture is needed in the air to prevent dehydration during storage, but too much moisture can encourage growth of molds. Some commercial storage units have controlled atmospheres, with the levels of both carbon dioxide and moisture being regulated carefully. Sometimes other gases, such as ethylene gas, may be introduced at controlled levels to help achieve optimal quality of bananas and other fresh produce. Related to the control of gases and moisture is the need for some circulation of air among the stored foods.

① Gases that negatively affect the produce

② Things that should be kept away from produce

③ Moisture and air : Enemy of vegetable

④ Keeping plants moisturized is necessary for plants

⑤ Importance of controlling atmosphere when handling fresh produce

67. 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은? - [36]

Studies show that no one is “born” to be an entrepreneur and that everyone has the potential to become one. Whether someone does or doesn’t is a function of environment, life experiences, and personal choices. However, there are personality traits and characteristics commonly associated with entrepreneurs. These traits are developed over time and evolve from an individual’s social context. For example, people with parents who were self-employed are more likely to become entrepreneurs. After witnessing a father’s or mother’s independence in the workplace, an individual is more likely to find independence appealing. Similarly, people who personally know an entrepreneur are more than twice as likely to be involved in starting a new firm as those with no entrepreneur acquaintances or role models.
*entrepreneur: 기업가

① 기업가가 되기 위해서는 특별한 자질이 필요하다.

② 좋은 기업가는 주어진 환경에 좌우된다.

③ 개인적으로 기업가를 알고 있으면 기업가로 성공할 가능성이 크다.

④ 기업가와 관련된 특성이 있고, 이는 시간이 경과하면서 사회적 환경으로부터 발달한다.

⑤ 새로운 기업을 설립하는데 부모님의 역할이 중요하다.

68. (A),(B),(C)의 각 네모 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로 가장 적절한 것은? - [37]

According to the consulting firm McKinsey, knowledge workers spend up to 60 percent of their time looking for information, responding to emails, and collaborating with others. By using social technologies, those workers can become up to 25 percent more (A) [creative / productive]. The need for productivity gains through working harder and longer has a limit and a human toll. The solution is to enable people to work smarter, not just by saying it, but by putting smart tools and improved processes in place so that people can perform at (B) [enhanced / uncomfortable] levels. Think of it as the robot-assisted human, given superpowers through the aid of technology. Our jobs become enriched by relying on robots to do the tedious while we work on increasingly more (C) [simplified / sophisticated] tasks.

① productive - uncomfortable - sophisticated

② productive - enhanced - sophisticated

③ creative - enhanced - simplified

④ creative - uncomfortable - simplified

⑤ creative - uncomfortable - simplified

69. (A),(B),(C)의 각 네모 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로 가장 적절한 것은? - [38]

Two major kinds of agerelated structural changes occur in the eye. One is a decrease in the amount of light that passes through the eye, resulting in the need for more light to do tasks such as reading. As you might suspect, this change is one reason why older adults do not see as well in the dark, which may account in part for their (A) [willingness / reluctance] to go places at night. One possible logical response to the need for more light would be to increase illumination levels in general. However, this solution does not work in all situations because we also become increasingly (B) [sensitive / sensible] to glare. In addition, our ability to adjust to changes in illumination, called adaptation, (C) [enhances / declines]. Going from outside into a darkened movie theater involves dark adaptation; going back outside involves light adaptation. Research indicates that the time it takes for both types of adaptation increases with age.

① reluctance - sensitive - declines

② reluctance - sensible - declines

③ willingness - sensitive - declines

④ willingness - sensitive - enhances

⑤ reluctance - sensitive - enhances

70. 다음 문장이 들어갈 위치로 가장 적절한 곳은? - [39]

"Artifacts can serve as resources in other technological processes."

By acting on either natural or artificial resources, through techniques, we alter them in various ways. ( ① ) Thus we create artifacts, which form an important aspect of technologies. ( ② ) A clay pot is an example of a material artifact, which, although transformed by human activity, is not all that far removed from its natural state. ( ③ ) A plastic cup, a contact lens, and a computer chip, on the other hand, are examples of artifacts that are far removed from the original states of the natural resources needed to create them. ( ④ ) This is one of the important interaction effects within the technological system. ( ⑤ ) In other words, each new technology increases the stock of available tools and resources that can be employed by other technologies to produce new artifacts.

71. 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은? - [40]

Despite all the talk of how weak intentions are in the face of habits, it’s worth emphasizing that much of the time even our strong habits do follow our intentions. We are mostly doing what we intend to do, even though it’s happening automatically. This probably goes for many habits: although we perform them without bringing the intention to consciousness, the habits still line up with our original intentions. Even better, our automatic, unconscious habits can keep us safe even when our conscious mind is distracted. We look both ways before crossing the road despite thinking about a rather depressing holiday we took in Brazil, and we put oven gloves on before reaching into the oven despite being preoccupied about whether the cabbage is overcooked. In both cases, our goal of keeping ourselves alive and unburnt is served by our automatic, unconscious habits.

① 습관앞에서는 의지가 무력해진다고 믿는 사람들이 많다.

② 대부분 우리의 습관도 결국 우리의 의지를 따른다는 점을 주목할 필요가 있다.

③ 비록 습관적으로 하는 일이라도 우리가 의도한 것을 하는 있는 것이다.

④ 우리의 의지력이 약해졌을 때에도 습관이 우리의 안전을 지켜주기도 한다.

⑤ 오븐에 손대기전 장갑을 착용하는 것은 의지의 행위로 우리의 안전을 지켜주는 것이다.

72. 다음 글을 통해 유추할 수 있는 것 중 가장 적절하지 않는 것은? - [20]

You are far more likely to eat what you can see in plain view. Organize the foods in your kitchen so the best choices are most visible and easily accessible. It also helps to hide poor choices in inconvenient places. An even better idea is to simply get rid of anything with low nutritional value that you may be tempted to eat. Put fruits, vegetables, and other healthy options at eye level in your refrigerator, or leave them out on the table. Even when you aren’t hungry, simply seeing these items will plant a seed in your mind for your next snack. Also consider taking small bags of nuts, fruits, or vegetables with you when you are away from home. That way, you can satisfy a midafternoon craving even if no good options are available. *craving: 갈망, 욕구

① If healthy items like fresh produce are often the least visible foods at home, it will be difficult for you to eat what you don’t see.

② If healthy foods are hidden in a drawer at the bottom of your refrigerator, these good foods are out of sight and mind.

③ It is better at your health to move friuts, vegetables, and other healthy options closer to eye level in your refrigerator.

④ Simply seeing fresh produce regularly will plant a seed in your mind for your next snack, which makes it hard for you to resist temptation in the moment.

⑤ You should discard foods with little nutritional value you know you will be tempted to eat.

73. 다음 빈 칸에 들어갈 가장 알맞은 것은? - [21]

Playing any game that involves more than one person teaches kids teamwork, the consequences of cheating, and how to be a good team player whether they win or lose. It’s not hard to see how those skills make it into the daily lives of kids. But like all things we hope to teach our children, learning to cooperate or to compete fairly takes practice. Humans aren’t naturally good at losing, so there will be tears, yelling, and cheating, but that’s okay. The point is,　　　　　 It allows them a safe place to practice getting along, following rules, and learning how to be graceful in defeat.

① Playing games together helps kids with their socialization.

② You should learn to accept the game rather than win it

③ It is impossible to increase the birth rate.

④ Don't look at the tree ; look at the forest.

⑤ You should observe etiquette in public.

74. 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은? - [22]

The public growth of the Internet began in the 1990s, as increasing numbers of computers came into homes and workplaces. The first online newspaper was published in the US and the Chicago-based Tribune was among the first titles to put its content online, in 1991. As the decade progressed, software developments made the task of creating online content quicker and cheaper—between 1995 and 1998, the number of US dailies on the web grew from 175 to 750. Newspapers in the UK followed the same pattern: in 1994, the Sunday Times became the UK’s first newspaper to have an online edition and a few months later the Daily Telegraph launched the Electronic Telegraph, Europe’s first online daily.

① Increasing numbers of computers made the internet public.

② Where the first online newspaper was launched was the Chicago based Tribune.

③ Making it quicker and cheaper to create online article was due to software developments.

④ The number of US dailies on the web grew over five times than before.

⑤ UK’s first newspaper to launch an online newspaper is the Sunday Times.

75. 다음 빈 칸에 들어갈 가장 알맞은 것은? - [30]

Jack stopped the cycle of perfectionism that his son Mark was developing. Mark could not stand to lose at games by the time he was eight years old. Jack was contributing to Mark’s attitude by always letting him win at chess because he didn’t like to see Mark get upset and cry. One day, Jack realized it was more important to allow Mark some experience with losing, so he started winning at least half the games. Mark was upset at first, but soon began to win and lose with more grace. Jack felt a 　　　　　 had been reached one day when he was playing catch with Mark and threw a bad ball. Instead of getting upset about missing the ball, Mark was able to use his sense of humor and commented, “Nice throw, Dad. Lousy catch, Mark.”

① barrier

② step

③ milestone

④ frustration

⑤ challenge

76. 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은? - [31]

Most importantly, money needs to be scarce in a predictable way. Precious metals have been desirable as money across the millennia not only because they have intrinsic beauty but also because they exist in fixed quantities. Gold and silver enter society at the rate at which they are discovered and mined; additional precious metals cannot be produced, at least not cheaply. Commodities like rice and tobacco can be grown, but that still takes time and resources. A dictator like Zimbabwe’s Robert Mugabe could not order the government to produce 100 trillion tons of rice. He was able to produce and distribute trillions of new Zimbabwe dollars, which is why they eventually became more valuable as toilet paper than currency.

① Scarcity that makes money work

② Metal : Unreplaceable means of exchange

③ The more money, the more value it has.

④ Rarity of money hinders the economy.

⑤ Role of government in monetary system is vital.

77. 다음 빈 칸에 들어갈 가장 알맞은 것은? - [32]

In one experiment, children were told they could have one marshmallow treat if they chose to eat it immediately, but two treats if they waited. Most of the children, who ranged in age from 4 to 8, chose to wait, but the strategies they used differed significantly. The 4-year-olds often chose to look at the marshmallows while waiting, a strategy that was not terribly effective. In contrast, 6-and-8 year-olds used language to help overcome temptation, although in different ways. The 6-year-olds spoke and sang to themselves, reminding themselves they would get more treats if they waited. The 8-year-olds focused on aspects of the marshmallows unrelated to 　　　　　, such as appearance, which helped them to wait. In short, children used “self-talk” to regulate their behavior.

① taste

② expense

③ temptation

④ stimulus

⑤ desire

78. 다음 빈 칸에 들어갈 가장 알맞은 것은? - [33]

The desire for fame has its roots in the experience of neglect. No one would want to be famous who hadn’t also, somewhere in the past, been made to feel extremely insignificant. We sense the need for a great deal of 　　　　　 when we have been painfully exposed to earlier deprivation. Perhaps one’s parents were hard to impress. They never noticed one much, they were so busy with other things, focusing on other famous people, unable to have or express kind feelings, or just working too hard. There were no bedtime stories and one’s school reports weren’t the subject of praise and admiration. That’s why one dreams that one day the world will pay attention. When we’re famous, our parents will have to admire us too.

① educational experience

② respectful attention

③ careful focusing

④ impressive event

⑤ admiring representative

79. 다음 글의 어법상 가장 어색한 것은? - [35]

In addition to ① controlling temperatures when handling fresh produce, control of the atmosphere is important. Some moisture is needed in the air to prevent dehydration ② during storage, but too much moisture can encourage growth of molds. Some commercial storage units have controlled atmospheres, with the levels of both carbon dioxide and moisture ③ are regulated carefully. Sometimes other gases, such as ethylene gas, may be introduced at controlled levels to help ④ achieve optimal quality of bananas and other fresh produce. Related to the control of gases and moisture ⑤ is the need for some circulation of air among the stored foods.

80. 다음 글의 어법상 가장 어색한 것은? - [36]

Studies show no one is “born” to be an entrepreneur ① and everyone has the potential to become one. Whether someone does or doesn’t ② is a function of environment, life experiences, and personal choices. However, there are personality traits and characteristics commonly associated with entrepreneurs. These traits are developed over time and ③ evolve from an individual’s social context. For example, people with parents who were ④ selfemployed are more likely to become entrepreneurs. After witnessing a father’s or mother’s independence in the workplace, an individual is more likely to find independence ⑤ appealing. Similarly, people who personally know an entrepreneur are more than twice as likely to be involved in starting a new firm as those with no entrepreneur acquaintances or role models.
*entrepreneur: 기업가

81. 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은? - [37]

According to the consulting firm McKinsey, knowledge workers spend up to 60 percent of their time looking for information, responding to emails, and collaborating with others. By using social technologies, those workers can become up to 25 percent more productive. The need for productivity gains through working harder and longer has a limit and a human toll.The solution is to enable people to work smarter, not just by saying it, but by putting smart tools and improved processes in place so that people can perform at enhanced levels. Think of it as the robotassisted human, given superpowers through the aid of technology. Our jobs become enriched by relying on robots to do the tedious while we work on increasingly more sophisticated tasks.

① Improve the business profit through the implementation of survey based promotional system.

② Detach yourself from the tedious routines to make room for your meditation

③ Productivity should be increased through the automated system

④ Knowledge workers striving to get more profits from their office hours.

⑤ Increase business efficiency not by working longer but by working smarter

82. (A),(B),(C)의 각 네모 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로 가장 적절한 것은? - [38]

Two major kinds of agerelated structural changes occur in the eye. One is a decrease in the amount of light that passes through the eye, resulting (A) [from / in] the need for more light to do tasks such as reading. As you might (B) [doubt / suspect], this change is one reason why older adults do not see as well in the dark, (C) [which / that] may account in part for their reluctance to go places at night. One possible logical response to the need for more light would be to increase illumination levels in general.

① in - suspect - which

② from - doubt - which

③ from - doubt - that

④ in - doubt - which

⑤ in - suspect - that

83. 다음 글 다음에 이어질 순서로 가장 적절한 것은? - [39]

"By acting on either natural or artificial resources, through techniques, we alter them in various ways. "

(A) This is one of the important interaction effects within the technological system. In other words, each new technology increases the stock of available tools and resources that can be employed by other technologies to produce new artifacts.

(B) Thus we create artifacts, which form an important aspect of technologies. A clay pot is an example of a material artifact, which, although transformed by human activity, is not all that far removed from its natural state.

(C) A plastic cup, a contact lens, and a computer chip, on the other hand, are examples of artifacts that are far removed from the original states of the natural resources needed to create them. Artifacts can serve as resources in other technological processes.

① (A) - (C) - (B)

② (B) - (C) - (A)

③ (B) - (A) - (C)

④ (C) - (A) - (B)

⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)

84. 다음 글 다음에 이어질 순서로 가장 적절한 것은? - [40]

"Despite all the talk of how weak intentions are in the face of habits, it’s worth emphasizing that much of the time even our strong habits do follow our intentions. We are mostly doing what we intend to do, even though it’s happening automatically."

(A) In both cases, our goal of keeping ourselves alive and unburnt is served by our automatic, unconscious habits.

(B) Even better, our automatic, unconscious habits can keep us safe even when our conscious mind is distracted. We look both ways before crossing the road despite thinking about a rather depressing holiday we took in Brazil, and we put oven gloves on before reaching into the oven despite being preoccupied about whether the cabbage is overcooked.

(C) This probably goes for many habits: although we perform them without bringing the intention to consciousness, the habits still line up with our original intentions.

① (A) - (C) - (B)

② (B) - (C) - (A)

③ (B) - (A) - (C)

④ (C) - (A) - (B)

⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)

85. 다음 글을 보기와 같이 요약하고자 할 때 빈 칸에 들어갈 가장 적절한 것은? - [20]

You are far more likely to eat what you can see in plain view. Organize the foods in your kitchen so the best choices are most visible and easily accessible. It also helps to hide poor choices in inconvenient places. An even better idea is to simply get rid of anything with low nutritional value that you may be tempted to eat. Put fruits, vegetables, and other healthy options at eye level in your refrigerator, or leave them out on the table. Even when you aren’t hungry, simply seeing these items will plant a seed in your mind for your next snack. Also consider taking small bags of nuts, fruits, or vegetables with you when you are away from home. That way, you can satisfy a midafternoon craving even if no good options are available.
*craving: 갈망, 욕구

Keep fresh produce easily ㅤㅤㅤAㅤㅤㅤ, for it is not desirable that you can not ㅤㅤㅤBㅤㅤㅤ foods with low nutritional value.

① accessible - keep away from

② edible - get along with

③ invisible - run away from

④ affordable - feel free from

⑤ sustainable - step away from

86. 다음 글의 어법상 가장 어색한 것은? - [21]

Playing any game that involves more than one person ① teaches kids teamwork, the consequences of cheating, and how to be a good team player ② whether they win or lose. It’s not hard to see how those skills make it into the daily lives of kids. But like all things we hope to teach our children, learning to cooperate or ③ to compete fairly takes practice. Humans aren’t naturally good at losing, so there will be tears, yelling, and cheating, but that’s okay. The point is, ④ playing games together helps kids with their socialization. It allows them a safe place ⑤ practice getting along, following rules, and learning how to be graceful in defeat.

87. 다음 문장의 흐름상 가장 어색한 것은? - [22]

① The public growth of the Internet began in the 1990s, as increasing numbers of computers came into homes and workplaces.② The first online newspaper was published in the US and the Chicagobased Tribune was among the first titles to put its content online, in 1991.③ As the decade progressed, software developments made the task of creating online content quicker and cheaper—between 1995 and 1998, the number of US dailies on the web grew from 175 to 750.④ Reading news articles online had a great impact on daily life of westerners. ⑤ Newspapers in the UK followed the same pattern: in 1994, the Sunday Times became the UK’s first newspaper to have an online edition and a few months later the Daily Telegraph launched the Electronic Telegraph, Europe’s first online daily.

88. 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은? - [30]

Jack stopped the cycle of perfectionism that his son Mark was developing. Mark could not stand to lose at games by the time he was eight years old. Jack was contributing to Mark’s attitude by always letting him win at chess because he didn’t like to see Mark get upset and cry. One day, Jack realized it was more important to allow Mark some experience with losing, so he started winning at least half the games. Mark was upset at first, but soon began to win and lose with more grace. Jack felt a milestone had been reached one day when he was playing catch with Mark and threw a bad ball. Instead of getting upset about missing the ball, Mark was able to use his sense of humor and commented, “Nice throw, Dad. Lousy catch, Mark.”

① Jack은 아들의 완벽주의에 어느정도 본인의 책임이 있다고 생각한다.

② Mark는 완벽주의적인 성향을 어릴 때부터 가지고 있었다.

③ Jack은 아들의 행동이 변화했다고 느꼈다.

④ Mark는 지는 것에 대해 어느순간부터 관심을 가지지 않았다.

⑤ Mark는 좀 더 초월한 자세로 승패에 임할 수 있게 되었다.

89. (주관식) - [31]

Most importantly, money needs to be scarce in a predictable way. Precious metals have been desirable as money across the millennia not only because they have intrinsic beauty but also because they exist in fixed quantities. Gold and silver enter society at the rate at which they are discovered and mined; additional precious metals cannot be produced, at least not cheaply. Commodities like rice and tobacco can be grown, but that still takes time and resources. A dictator like Zimbabwe’s Robert Mugabe could not order the government to produce 100 trillion tons of rice. He was able to produce and distribute trillions of new Zimbabwe dollars, which is (그것들이 통화(通貨)보다 휴지로서 더 가치가 있게 되었다.)

[조건] 본문의 우리말에 맞도록 주어진 단어를 이용할  것

9단어 이내의 문장으로 영작할 것 (they, became,  a toilet paper, currency)

90. 다음 빈 칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 가장 알맞은 것을 고르시오. - [32]

In one experiment, children were told they could have one marshmallow treat if they chose to eat it immediately, but two treats if they waited. Most of the children, who ranged in age from 4 to 8, chose to wait, but the strategies they used differed significantly. The 4-year-olds often chose to look at the marshmallows while waiting, a strategy that was not terribly effective. ㅤㅤㅤAㅤㅤㅤ, 6-and-8 year-olds used language to help overcome temptation, although in different ways. The 6-year-olds spoke and sang to themselves, reminding themselves they would get more treats if they waited. The 8-year-olds focused on aspects of the marshmallows unrelated to taste, such as appearance, which helped them to wait. ㅤㅤㅤBㅤㅤㅤ, children used “self-talk” to regulate their behavior.

① However - For example

② In contrast - In short

③ In addition - In brief

④ In conclusion - In addition

⑤ In other words - In the mean time

91. 다음 글의 어법상 가장 어색한 것은? - [33]

The desire for fame has its roots in the experience of neglect. No one would want to be famous ① who hadn’t also, somewhere in the past, been made ② to feel extremely insignificant. We sense the need for a great deal of admiring attention when we ③ have been painfully exposed to earlier deprivation. Perhaps one’s parents were hard to impress. They never noticed one much, they were so busy with other things, focusing on other famous people, unable to have or express kind feelings, or just ④ work too hard. There were no bedtime stories and one’s school reports weren’t the subject of praise and admiration. That’s why one dreams ⑤ that one day the world will pay attention. When we’re famous, our parents will have to admire us too.

92. 다음 글의 어법상 가장 어색한 것은? - [37]

According to the consulting firm McKinsey, knowledge workers spend up to 60 percent of their time ① looking for information, responding to emails, and collaborating with others. By using social technologies, those workers can become up to 25 percent more ② productive. The need for productivity gains through working harder and longer ③ has a limit and a human toll. The solution is to enable people to work smarter, not just by saying it, but by putting smart tools and ④ improving processes in place so that people can perform at enhanced levels. Think of it as the robotassisted human, ⑤ given superpowers through the aid of technology. Our jobs become enriched by relying on robots to do the tedious while we work on increasingly more sophisticated tasks.
*tedious: 지루한, 싫증 나는

93. 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은? - [38]

Two major kinds of agerelated structural changes occur in the eye. One is a decrease in the amount of light that passes through the eye, resulting in the need for more light to do tasks such as reading. As you might suspect, this change is one reason why older adults do not see as well in the dark, which may account in part for their reluctance to go places at night. One possible logical response to the need for more light would be to increase illumination levels in general. However, this solution does not work in all situations because we also become increasingly sensitive to glare. In addition, our ability to adjust to changes in illumination, called adaptation, declines. Going from outside into a darkened movie theater involves dark adaptation; going back outside involves light adaptation. Research indicates that the time it takes for both types of adaptation increases with age.

① Physiological changes occur in the eyes with ageing.

② The older are comfortable to read under good light conditions.

③ Some are unwilling to go out at night because of their poor visual problems.

④ Just increasing illumination levels isn't effective in every situation.

⑤ The old need less effort and time to adapt themselves to dark environment

94. 보기와 같이 주제문을 작성하고자 할 때 빈 칸에 들어갈 가장 적절한 것은? - [39]

By acting on either natural or artificial resources, through techniques, we alter them in various ways. Thus we create artifacts, which form an important aspect of technologies. A clay pot is an example of a material artifact, which, although transformed by human activity, is not all that far removed from its natural state. A plastic cup, a contact lens, and a computer chip, on the other hand, are examples of artifacts that are far removed from the original states of the natural resources needed to create them. Artifacts can serve as resources in other technological processes. This is one of the important interaction effects within the technological system. In other words, each new technology increases the stock of available tools and resources that can be employed by other technologies to produce new artifacts.

A variety of ㅤㅤㅤAㅤㅤㅤ in the natural and artificial resources can be made into new artifacts with the creative utilization of ㅤㅤㅤBㅤㅤㅤ.

① alternations - techniques

② altercations - techniques

③ alternatives - resources

④ alterations - technologies

⑤ transformations - resources

95. 다음 문장이 들어갈 위치로 가장 적절한 곳은? - [40]

"Even better, our automatic, unconscious habits can keep us safe even when our conscious mind is distracted."

( ① ) Despite all the talk of how weak intentions are in the face of habits, it’s worth emphasizing that much of the time even our strong habits do follow our intentions. ( ② ) We are mostly doing what we intend to do, even though it’s happening automatically. ( ③ ) This probably goes for many habits: although we perform them without bringing the intention to consciousness, the habits still line up with our original intentions. ( ④ ) We look both ways before crossing the road despite thinking about a rather depressing holiday we took in Brazil, and we put oven gloves on before reaching into the oven despite being preoccupied about whether the cabbage is overcooked. ( ⑤ ) In both cases, our goal of keeping ourselves alive and unburnt is served by our automatic, unconscious habits.

96. 다음 글의 어법상 가장 어색한 것은? - [20]

You are far more likely to eat ① what you can see in plain view. Organize the foods in your kitchen so the best choices are most visible and easily accessible. It also helps ② to hide poor choices in inconvenient places. An even better idea is to simply get rid of anything with low nutritional value that you may be tempted ③ to eat. Put fruits, vegetables, and other healthy options at eye level in your refrigerator, or ④ leave them out on the table. Even when you aren’t hungry, simply seeing these items will plant a seed in your mind for your next snack. Also consider taking small bags of nuts, fruits, or vegetables with you when you are away from home. That way, you can ⑤ be satisfied a midafternoon craving even if no good options are available.
*craving: 갈망, 욕구

97. 다음 문장이 들어갈 위치로 가장 적절한 곳은? - [21]

"But like all things we hope to teach our children, learning to cooperate or to compete fairly takes practice"

( ① ) Playing any game that involves more than one person teaches kids teamwork, the consequences of cheating, and how to be a good team player whether they win or lose. ( ② ) It’s not hard to see how those skills make it into the daily lives of kids. ( ③ ) . Humans aren’t naturally good at losing, so there will be tears, yelling, and cheating, but that’s okay. ( ④ ) The point is, playing games together helps kids with their socialization.. ( ⑤ ) It allows them a safe place to practice getting along, following rules, and learning how to be graceful in defeat.

98. 다음 글의 어법상 가장 어색한 것은? - [30]

Jack stopped the cycle of perfectionism ① that his son Mark was developing. Mark could not stand to lose at games by the time he was eight years old. Jack was contributing to Mark’s attitude by always ② letting him win at chess because he didn’t like to see Mark ③ get upset and cry. One day, Jack realized it was more important to allow Mark some experience with losing, so he started winning at least half the games. Mark was upset at first, but soon began to win and lose with more grace. Jack felt a milestone ④ had reached one day when he was playing catch with Mark and threw a bad ball. Instead of getting upset about ⑤ missing the ball, Mark was able to use his sense of humor and commented, “Nice throw, Dad. Lousy catch, Mark.”

99. (A),(B),(C)의 각 네모 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로 가장 적절한 것은? - [31]

Most importantly, money needs to be scarce in a predictable way. Precious metals have been (A) [desirable / undesirable] as money across the millennia not only because they have intrinsic beauty but also because they exist in (B) [fixed / flexible] quantities. Gold and silver enter society at the rate at which they are discovered and mined; additional precious metals cannot be produced, at least not (C) [cheaply / expensively]. Commodities like rice and tobacco can be grown, but that still takes time and resources. A dictator like Zimbabwe’s Robert Mugabe could not order the government to produce 100 trillion tons of rice. He was able to produce and distribute trillions of new Zimbabwe dollars, which is why they eventually became more valuable as toilet paper than currency.

① undesirable - flexible - cheaply

② undesirable - fixed - expensively

③ desirable - fixed - cheaply

④ desirable - fixed - expensively

⑤ desirable - flexible - expensively

100. (A),(B),(C)의 각 네모 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로 가장 적절한 것은? - [32]

In one experiment, children were told they could have one marshmallow treat if they chose to eat it immediately, but two treats if they waited. Most of (A) [the children / children], who ranged in age from 4 to 8, chose to wait, but the strategies they used differed significantly. The 4-year-olds often chose to look at the marshmallows while waiting, a strategy that was not terribly effective. In contrast, 6-and-8 year-olds used language to help overcome temptation, although in different ways. The 6-year-olds spoke and sang to themselves, (B) [reminded / reminding] themselves they would get more treats if they waited. The 8-year-olds focused on aspects of the marshmallows unrelated to taste, such as appearance, (C) [which / that] helped them to wait. In short, children used “self-talk” to regulate their behavior.

① children - reminded - that

② children - reminding - which

③ the children - reminding - which

④ children - reminded - which

⑤ the children - reminding - that

101. (주관식) 다음 문장을 한 문장으로 요약할 때 빈 칸에 들어갈 영단어를 주어진 철자에 맞게 쓰시오. - [33]

The desire for fame has its roots in the experience of neglect. No one would want to be famous who hadn’t also, somewhere in the past, been made to feel extremely insignificant. We sense the need for a great deal of admiring attention when we have been painfully exposed to earlier deprivation. Perhaps one’s parents were hard to impress. They never noticed one much, they were so busy with other things, focusing on other famous people, unable to have or express kind feelings, or just working too hard. There were no bedtime stories and one’s school reports weren’t the subject of praise and admiration. That’s why one dreams that one day the world will pay attention. When we’re famous, our parents will have to admire us too.

In order to resist the temptation to eat marshmallows, children aged 6 and 8 talked to t______________ , while ones aged 4 just l_________ at it.

102. 다음 글의 흐름상 어휘의 쓰임이 바르지 않은 것은? - [37]

According to the consulting firm McKinsey, knowledge workers spend up to 60 percent of their time looking for information, responding to emails, and ① collaborating with others. By using social technologies, those workers can become up to 25 percent more ② productive. The need for productivity gains through working harder and longer has a limit and a human toll.The solution is to enable people to work ③ smarter, not just by saying it, but by putting smart tools and improved processes in place so that people can perform at ④ enhanced levels. Think of it as the robotassisted human, given superpowers through the aid of technology. Our jobs become enriched by relying on robots to do the tedious while we work on increasingly more ⑤ simplified tasks.
*tedious: 지루한, 싫증 나는

103. 다음 빈 칸에 들어갈 가장 알맞은 것은? - [38]

Two major kinds of agerelated structural changes occur in the eye. One is a decrease in the amount of light that passes through the eye, resulting in the need for more light to do tasks such as reading. As you might suspect, this change is one reason why older adults do not see as well in the dark, which may account in part for their reluctance to go places at night. One possible logical response to the need for more light would be to increase illumination levels in general. However, this solution does not work in all situations because we also 　　　　　. In addition, our ability to adjust to changes in illumination, called adaptation, declines. Going from outside into a darkened movie theater involves dark adaptation; going back outside involves light adaptation. Research indicates that the time it takes for both types of adaptation increases with age.
*illumination: 조도, 조명

① need more light to adapt ourselves to new places

② become increasingly sensitive to glare

③ find it hard to go out at night

④ do the reading task under poor light

⑤ become helpless with age

104. 다음 빈 칸에 들어갈 가장 알맞은 것은? - [39]

By acting on either natural or artificial resources, through techniques, we 　　　　　 them in various ways. Thus we create artifacts, which form an important aspect of technologies. A clay pot is an example of a material artifact, which, although transformed by human activity, is not all that far removed from its natural state. A plastic cup, a contact lens, and a computer chip, on the other hand, are examples of artifacts that are far removed from the original states of the natural resources needed to create them. Artifacts can serve as resources in other technological processes. This is one of the important interaction effects within the technological system. In other words, each new technology increases the stock of available tools and resources that can be employed by other technologies to produce new artifacts.
*artifact: 가공품

① altar

② alternate

③ altercate

④ alter

⑤ after

105. 다음 문장이 들어갈 위치로 가장 적절한 곳은? - [40]

"This probably goes for many habits: although we perform them without bringing the intention to consciousness, the habits still line up with our original intentions."

( ① ) Despite all the talk of how weak intentions are in the face of habits, it’s worth emphasizing that much of the time even our strong habits do follow our intentions. ( ② ) We are mostly doing what we intend to do, even though it’s happening automatically. ( ③ ) Even better, our automatic, unconscious habits can keep us safe even when our conscious mind is distracted. ( ④ ) We look both ways before crossing the road despite thinking about a rather depressing holiday we took in Brazil, and we put oven gloves on before reaching into the oven despite being preoccupied about whether the cabbage is overcooked. ( ⑤ ) In both cases, our goal of keeping ourselves alive and unburnt is served by our automatic, unconscious habits.

106. (A),(B),(C)의 각 네모 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로 가장 적절한 것은? - [21]

Playing any game that involves more than one person teaches kids teamwork, the consequences of cheating, and how to be a good team player whether they win or lose. It’s not (A) [hard / hardly] to see how those skills make it into the daily lives of kids. But like all things we hope to teach our children, learning to cooperate or to (B) [compensate / compete] fairly takes practice. Humans aren’t naturally good at losing, so there will be tears, yelling, and cheating, but that’s okay. The point is, playing games together helps kids with their socialization. It (C) [allows / forbids] them a safe place to practice getting along, following rules, and learning how to be graceful in defeat.

① hardly - compete - allows

② hardly - compete - forbids

③ hard - compete - allows

④ hard - compete - forbids

⑤ hardly - compensate - forbids

107. 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은? - [30]

Jack stopped the cycle of perfectionism that his son Mark was developing. Mark could not stand to lose at games by the time he was eight years old. Jack was contributing to Mark’s attitude by always letting him win at chess because he didn’t like to see Mark get upset and cry. One day, Jack realized it was more important to allow Mark some experience with losing, so he started winning at least half the games. Mark was upset at first, but soon began to win and lose with more grace. Jack felt a milestone had been reached one day when he was playing catch with Mark and threw a bad ball. Instead of getting upset about missing the ball, Mark was able to use his sense of humor and commented, “Nice throw, Dad. Lousy catch, Mark.”

① Letting Your Child Sometimes Lose teaches him something important.

② Learning to lose is not as easy as is thought.

③ Teach children what the real perfectionism is.

④ Things to consider when teaching selfish children.

⑤ Show your kids why you always have to win.

108. 다음 글의 어법상 가장 알맞은 것은? - [31]

Most importantly, money needs to be scarce in a predictable way. Precious metals have been desirable as money across the millennia not only because they have intrinsic beauty but also because they exist in fixed quantities. Gold and silver enter society at the rate ① which they are discovered and mined; additional precious metals ② cannot produce, at least not cheaply. Commodities like rice and tobacco can be grown, ③ which still takes time and resources. A dictator like Zimbabwe’s Robert Mugabe could not order the government ④produce 100 trillion tons of rice. He was able to produce and distribute trillions of new Zimbabwe dollars,⑤ that is why they eventually became more valuable as toilet paper than currency.

109. 다음 글을 보기와 같이 요약하고자 할 때 빈 칸에 들어갈 가장 적절한 것은? - [32]

In one experiment, children were told they could have one marshmallow treat if they chose to eat it immediately, but two treats if they waited. Most of the children, who ranged in age from 4 to 8, chose to wait, but the strategies they used differed significantly. The 4-year-olds often chose to look at the marshmallows while waiting, a strategy that was not terribly effective. In contrast, 6-and-8 year-olds used language to help overcome temptation, although in different ways. The 6-year-olds spoke and sang to themselves, reminding themselves they would get more treats if they waited. The 8-year-olds focused on aspects of the marshmallows unrelated to taste, such as appearance, which helped them to wait. In short, children used “self-talk” to regulate their behavior.

Results from the above experiment indicate that the role of language and private speech in preschoolers' ㅤㅤㅤAㅤㅤㅤ played in their waiting for the bigger ㅤㅤㅤBㅤㅤㅤ.

① waiting hours - endurance

② strategies - behavior

③ differences - similarities

④ effectiveness - competence

⑤ self regulation - compensation

110. 밑줄친 어휘중 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은? - [33]

The desire for fame has its roots in the experience of neglect. No one would want to be famous who hadn’t also, somewhere in the past, been made to feel extremely ① insignificant. We sense the need for a great deal of admiring attention when we have been painfully exposed to earlier ② deprivation. Perhaps one’s parents were hard to impress. They never noticed one much, they were so busy with other things, focusing on other famous people, ③ able to have or express kind feelings, or just working too hard. There were no bedtime stories and one’s school reports weren’t the subject of praise and ④ admiration. That’s why one dreams that one day the world will pay attention. When we’re famous, our parents will have to ⑤ admire us too.

111. (주관식) 다음 글의 요지를 아래와 같이 정리할 때 빈칸에 들어갈 말을 알맞게 써 넣으시오. - [37]

According to the consulting firm McKinsey, knowledge workers spend up to 60 percent of their time looking for information, responding to emails, and collaborating with others. By using social technologies, those workers can become up to 25 percent more productive. The need for productivity gains through working harder and longer has a limit and a human toll.The solution is to enable people to work smarter, not just by saying it, but by putting smart tools and improved processes in place so that people can perform at enhanced levels. Think of it as the robotassisted human, given superpowers through the aid of technology. Our jobs become enriched by relying on robots to do the tedious while we work on increasingly more sophisticated tasks.

By the aid of s__________ tools and improved process, the p_____________ of knowledge workers can be promoted.

112. 다음 빈 칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 가장 알맞은 것을 고르시오. - [38]

Two major kinds of agerelated structural changes occur in the eye. One is a decrease in the amount of light that passes through the eye, resulting in the need for more light to do tasks such as reading. As you might suspect, this change is one reason why older adults do not see as well in the dark, which may account in part for their reluctance to go places at night. One possible logical response to the need for more light would be to increase illumination levels in general. ㅤㅤㅤAㅤㅤㅤ, this solution does not work in all situations because we also become increasingly sensitive to glare. ㅤㅤㅤBㅤㅤㅤ, our ability to adjust to changes in illumination, called adaptation, declines. Going from outside into a darkened movie theater involves dark adaptation; going back outside involves light adaptation. Research indicates that the time it takes for both types of adaptation increases with age.

① In contrast - However

② In other words - For example

③ Moreover - Furthermore

④ However - In addition

⑤ Likewise - Besides

113. 다음 글의 어법상 가장 어색한 것은? - [39]

By acting on either natural or artificial resources, through techniques, we alter them in various ways. Thus we create artifacts, which ① form an important aspect of technologies. A clay pot is an example of a material artifact, which, although transformed by human activity, is not all ② that far removed from its natural state. A plastic cup, a contact lens, and a computer chip, on the other hand, are examples of artifacts that ③ far removed from the original states of the natural resources ④ needed to create them. Artifacts can serve as resources in other technological processes. This is one of the important interaction effects within the technological system. In other words, each new technology ⑤ increases the stock of available tools and resources that can be employed by other technologies to produce new artifacts.
*artifact: 가공품

114. 다음 글의 어법상 가장 어색한 것은? - [40]

Despite all the talk of how weak intentions are in the face of habits, it’s worth ① emphasizing that much of the time even our strong habits do follow our intentions. We are mostly doing ② what we intend to do, even though it’s happening automatically. This probably goes for many habits: ③ despite we perform them without bringing the intention to consciousness, the habits still line up with our original intentions. Even better, our automatic, unconscious habits can keep us safe even when our conscious mind is distracted. We look both ways before crossing the road ④ despite thinking about a rather depressing holiday we took in Brazil, and we put oven gloves on before reaching into the oven despite ⑤ being preoccupied about whether the cabbage is overcooked. In both cases, our goal of keeping ourselves alive and unburnt is served by our automatic, unconscious habits.

115. 다음 문장이 들어갈 위치로 가장 적절한 곳은? - [30]

"Mark was upset at first, but soon began to win and lose with more grace."

Jack stopped the cycle of perfectionism that his son Mark was developing. Mark could not stand to lose at games by the time he was eight years old. ( ① ) Jack was contributing to Mark’s attitude by always letting him win at chess because he didn’t like to see Mark get upset and cry. ( ② ) One day, Jack realized it was more important to allow Mark some experience with losing, so he started winning at least half the games. ( ③ ) Jack felt a milestone had been reached one day when he was playing catch with Mark and threw a bad ball. ( ④ ) Instead of getting upset about missing the ball, Mark was able to use his sense of humor and commented, “Nice throw, Dad. Lousy catch, Mark.” ( ⑤ )

116. 다음 글의 빈 칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 가장 적절한 것은 - [32]

In one experiment, children were told they could have one marshmallow treat if they chose to eat it immediately, but two treats if they waited. Most of the children, who ranged in age from 4 to 8, chose to wait, but the strategies they used differed significantly. The 4-year-olds often chose to look at the marshmallows while waiting, a strategy that was not terribly effective. In contrast, 6-and-8 year-olds used language to help overcome ㅤㅤㅤAㅤㅤㅤ, although in different ways. The 6-year-olds spoke and sang to themselves, reminding themselves they would get more treats if they waited. The 8-year-olds focused on aspects of the marshmallows unrelated to taste, such as appearance, which helped them to wait. In short, children used “self-talk” to ㅤㅤㅤBㅤㅤㅤ their behavior.

① temptation - control

② difficulties - imitate

③ challenges - conduct

④ restriction - ensure

⑤ stuttering - record

117. (주관식) 위글의 요지를 아래와 같이 한 문장으로 쓸 때 빈칸에 알맞은 것을 쓰시오 - [33]

The desire for fame has its roots in the experience of neglect. No one would want to be famous who hadn’t also, somewhere in the past, been made to feel extremely insignificant. We sense the need for a great deal of admiring attention when we have been painfully exposed to earlier deprivation. Perhaps one’s parents were hard to impress. They never noticed one much, they were so busy with other things, focusing on other famous people, unable to have or express kind feelings, or just working too hard. There were no bedtime stories and one’s school reports weren’t the subject of praise and admiration. That’s why one dreams that one day the world will pay attention. When we’re famous, our parents will have to admire us too.

[조건] 본문에서 찾아 쓰되 필요시 어형을 바꾸시오.

The reason why we desire to become f____________ is from the earlier experience of being n______________ .

118. 다음 글의 어법상 가장 어색한 것은? - [38]

Two major kinds of agerelated structural changes ① occur in the eye. One is a decrease in the amount of light that passes through the eye, ② resulting in the need for more light to do tasks such as reading. As you might suspect, this change is one reason why older adults do not see as well in the dark, which may account in part for their reluctance to go places at night. One possible logical response to the need for more light would be to increase illumination levels in general. However, this solution ③ does not work in all situations because we also become increasingly sensitive to glare.In addition, our ability to adjust ④ to change in illumination, called adaptation, declines. Going from outside into a darkened movie theater involves dark adaptation; going back outside involves light adaptation. Research indicates ⑤ that the time it takes for both types of adaptation increases with age.
*illumination: 조도, 조명

119. 다음 글 다음에 이어질 순서로 가장 적절한 것은? - [39]

"By acting on either natural or artificial resources, through techniques, we alter them in various ways."

(A) This is one of the important interaction effects within the technological system. In other words, each new technology increases the stock of available tools and resources that can be employed by other technologies to produce new artifacts.

(B) A plastic cup, a contact lens, and a computer chip, on the other hand, are examples of artifacts that are far removed from the original states of the natural resources needed to create them. Artifacts can serve as resources in other technological processes.

(C) Thus we create artifacts, which form an important aspect of technologies. A clay pot is an example of a material artifact, which, although transformed by human activity, is not all that far removed from its natural state.

① (A) - (C) - (B)

② (B) - (C) - (A)

③ (B) - (A) - (C)

④ (C) - (A) - (B)

⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)

120. (A),(B),(C)의 각 네모 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로 가장 적절한 것은? - [40]

Despite all the talk of how weak intentions are in the face of habits, it’s worth emphasizing that much of the time even our strong habits do follow our intentions. We are mostly doing what we intend to do, even though it’s happening (A) [automatically / consciously]. This probably goes for many habits: although we perform them without bringing the intention to consciousness, the habits still line up with our original intentions. (B) [Even worse / Even better], our automatic, unconscious habits can keep us safe even when our conscious mind is distracted. We look both ways before crossing the road despite thinking about a rather depressing holiday we took in Brazil, and we put oven gloves on before reaching into the oven despite being preoccupied about (C) [whether / that] the cabbage is overcooked. In both cases, our goal of keeping ourselves alive and unburnt is served by our automatic, unconscious habits.

① consciously - Even worse - whether

② automatically - Even better - whether

③ automatically - Even better - that

④ consciously - Even better - that

⑤ automatically - Even worse - that

121. 다음 글의 어법상 가장 어색한 것은? - [32]

In one experiment, children ① were told they could have one marshmallow treat if they chose to eat it immediately, but two treats if they waited. Most of the children, who ② ranged in age from 4 to 8, chose to wait, but the strategies they used differed significantly. The 4-year-olds often chose to look at the marshmallows ③ during waiting, a strategy that was not terribly effective. In contrast, 6-and-8 year-olds used language to help overcome temptation, ④ although in different ways. The 6-year-olds spoke and sang to themselves, reminding themselves they would get more treats if they waited. The 8-year-olds focused on aspects of the marshmallows unrelated to taste, such as appearance, ⑤ which helped them to wait. In short, children used “self-talk” to regulate their behavior.

122. 다음 글 다음에 이어질 순서로 가장 적절한 것은? - [38]

"Two major kinds of agerelated structural changes occur in the eye."

(A) In addition, our ability to adjust to changes in illumination, called adaptation, declines. Going from outside into a darkened movie theater involves dark adaptation; going back outside involves light adaptation. Research indicates that the time it takes for both types of adaptation increases with age.

(B) One is a decrease in the amount of light that passes through the eye, resulting in the need for more light to do tasks such as reading. As you might suspect, this change is one reason why older adults do not see as well in the dark, which may account in part for their reluctance to go places at night.

(C) One possible logical response to the need for more light would be to increase illumination levels in general. However, this solution does not work in all situations because we also become increasingly sensitive to glare.
*illumination: 조도, 조명

① (A) - (C) - (B)

② (B) - (C) - (A)

③ (B) - (A) - (C)

④ (C) - (A) - (B)

⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)

123. 다음 빈 칸에 들어갈 가장 알맞은 것은? - [39]

By acting on either natural or artificial resources, through techniques, we alter them in various ways. Thus we create artifacts, which form an important aspect of technologies. A clay pot is an example of a material artifact, which, although transformed by human activity, is not all that far removed from its natural state. A plastic cup, a contact lens, and a computer chip, on the other hand, are examples of artifacts that are far removed from the original states of the natural resources needed to create them. Artifacts can serve as 　　　　　 This is one of the important interaction effects within the technological system. In other words, each new technology increases the stock of available tools and resources that can be employed by other technologies to produce new artifacts.

① souvenirs tourists can purchase

② resources in other technological processes.

③ means of earning money for native people

④ motivation for artists to pursue the beauty

⑤ cultural standard for other areas of art

124. 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은? - [40]

Despite all the talk of how weak intentions are in the face of habits, it’s worth emphasizing that much of the time even our strong habits do follow our intentions. We are mostly doing what we intend to do, even though it’s happening automatically. This probably goes for many habits: although we perform them without bringing the intention to consciousness, the habits still line up with our original intentions. Even better, our automatic, unconscious habits can keep us safe even when our conscious mind is distracted. We look both ways before crossing the road despite thinking about a rather depressing holiday we took in Brazil, and we put oven gloves on before reaching into the oven despite being preoccupied about whether the cabbage is overcooked. In both cases, our goal of keeping ourselves alive and unburnt is served by our automatic, unconscious habits.

① 습관앞에 의지가 무력해지더라도 때론 습관이 의지에 좌우되기도 한다.

② 의지에 따른 행위도 때론 습관적으로 일어나기도 한다.

③ 습관적인 행동이라도 우리의 안전을 위한 행위가 될 수 있다.

④ 신호등을 건널 때 도로를 살피는 행위는 의지의 행위라고 할 수 있다.

⑤ 양배추 요리에 신경을 쓰는 것도 의지의 행위라고 할 수 있다.

125. 다음 글의 어법상 가장 어색한 것은? - [32]

In one experiment, children ① were told they could have one marshmallow treat if they chose to eat it immediately, but two treats if they waited. Most of the children, who ② ranged in age from 4 to 8, chose to wait, but the strategies they used ③ differed significantly. The 4-year-olds often chose to look at the marshmallows while waiting, a strategy that was not terribly effective. In contrast, 6-and-8 year-olds used language to help overcome temptation, ④ despite in different ways. The 6-year-olds spoke and sang to themselves, reminding themselves they would get more treats if they waited. The 8-year-olds focused on aspects of the marshmallows ⑤ unrelated to taste, such as appearance, which helped them to wait. In short, children used “self-talk” to regulate their behavior.

126. (주관식) 나이가 들어가면서 눈에 발생하는 구조적 변화 두가지를 본문에서 찾아 각각 17자 이내의 우리말로 쓰시오. - [38]

Two major kinds of agerelated structural changes occur in the eye. One is a decrease in the amount of light that passes through the eye, resulting in the need for more light to do tasks such as reading. As you might suspect, this change is one reason why older adults do not see as well in the dark, which may account in part for their reluctance to go places at night. One possible logical response to the need for more light would be to increase illumination levels in general. However, this solution does not work in all situations because we also become increasingly sensitive to glare.In addition, our ability to adjust to changes in illumination, called adaptation, declines. Going from outside into a darkened movie theater involves dark adaptation; going back outside involves light adaptation. Research indicates that the time it takes for both types of adaptation increases with age.

127. 다음 글의 어법상 가장 어색한 것은? - [40]

① Though all the talk of how weak intentions are in the face of habits, it’s worth ② emphasizing that much of the time even our strong habits do follow our intentions. We are mostly doing ③ what we intend to do, even though it’s happening automatically. This probably goes for many habits: although we perform them without bringing the intention to consciousness, the habits still line up with our original intentions. Even better, our automatic, unconscious habits can keep us ④ safe even when our conscious mind is distracted. We look both ways before crossing the road despite thinking about a rather depressing holiday we took in Brazil, and we put oven gloves on before ⑤ reaching into the oven despite being preoccupied about whether the cabbage is overcooked. In both cases, our goal of keeping ourselves alive and unburnt is served by our automatic, unconscious habits.

128. 다음 빈 칸에 들어갈 가장 알맞은 것은? - [32]

In one experiment, children were told they could have one marshmallow treat if they chose to eat it immediately, but two treats if they waited. Most of the children, who ranged in age from 4 to 8, chose to wait, but the strategies they used differed significantly. The 4-year-olds often chose to look at the marshmallows while waiting, a strategy that was not terribly effective. In contrast, 6-and-8 year-olds used 　　　　　 to help overcome temptation, although in different ways. The 6-year-olds spoke and sang to themselves, reminding themselves they would get more treats if they waited. The 8-year-olds focused on aspects of the marshmallows unrelated to taste, such as appearance, which helped them to wait. In short, children used “self-talk” to regulate their behavior.

① willpower

② consciousness

③ imagination

④ observation

⑤ language

129. 다음 문장이 들어갈 위치로 가장 적절한 곳은? - [40]

"Even better, our automatic, unconscious habits can keep us safe even when our conscious mind is distracted."

Despite all the talk of how weak intentions are in the face of habits, it’s worth emphasizing that much of the time even our strong habits do follow our intentions. ( ① ) We are mostly doing what we intend to do, even though it’s happening automatically. ( ② ) This probably goes for many habits: although we perform them without bringing the intention to consciousness, the habits still line up with our original intentions. ( ③ ) We look both ways before crossing the road despite thinking about a rather depressing holiday we took in Brazil, and we put oven gloves on before reaching into the oven despite being preoccupied about whether the cabbage is overcooked. ( ④ ) In both cases, our goal of keeping ourselves alive and unburnt is served by our automatic, unconscious habits. ( ⑤ )

130. 다음 글을 보기와 같이 요약하고자 할 때 빈 칸에 들어갈 가장 적절한 것은? - [40]

Despite all the talk of how weak intentions are in the face of habits, it’s worth emphasizing that much of the time even our strong habits do follow our intentions. We are mostly doing what we intend to do, even though it’s happening automatically. This probably goes for many habits: although we perform them without bringing the intention to consciousness, the habits still line up with our original intentions. Even better, our automatic, unconscious habits can keep us safe even when our conscious mind is distracted. We look both ways before crossing the road despite thinking about a rather depressing holiday we took in Brazil, and we put oven gloves on before reaching into the oven despite being preoccupied about whether the cabbage is overcooked. In both cases, our goal of keeping ourselves alive and unburnt is served by our automatic, unconscious habits.

Our automatic habits that follow ㅤㅤAㅤㅤ, whether we are aware of it or not, do serve as a safeguard ㅤㅤBㅤㅤ us.

① consciousness - protecting

② consciousness - harming

③ intention - districting

④ instinct - districting

⑤ intention - protecting

너른터 공동연구를 위한 선생님 가입안내

너른터는 소규모 선생님들이 모여서 함께 토론하고 연구하는 친목모임입니다. 연락처를 주시면 문자로 밴드링크를 보내드립니다. Contact Address : skyluving@naver.com 관심있는 선생님들의 참여를 기다리고 있습니다.

또한 여건상 혼자 공부하는 학생여러분을 위해 웹페이지(www.nernter.com)를 개설해서 자기주도학습용 평가문제를 제공합니다. 아무리 어려운 상황이라도 꿈을 잃지 말고 도전하십시오. 그 길에 너른터가 도움이 된다면 저희 너른터 선생님들이 큰 보람으로 생각하겠습니다.

내신대비에 물 한잔 마실 여유도 없으실 전국의 이름 없는 선생님들에게

그리고 미래를 위해 도전하는 대한민국의 미래 젊은 학생들에게

너른터가 유익한 도움이 될 수 있기를 기원합니다.

(편집할 시간적 여유가 없어서 그대로 게시하오니 양해부탁드립니다.)

그리고 홀로 고군분투 하시는 전국의 영샘께, 함께 해주시길 부탁드립니다.

너른터는

공동출제

그결과물의 공유

공존을 지향합니다.

그리고 너른터에 오면

공명샘을 만나실 수 있습니다.

Answer Sheet

1번 - ①

have not heard

2번 - ③

3번 - ③

4번 - ②

한 사람 이상을 포함시키는 경기는 어느 경기든 필연적으로 사회화를 수반한다. 그래서 아이들이 이 과정을 통과하면 여러분은 인생의 경기에 오는 더 성숙한 운동선수(아이들)을 보기 시작할 것이다

5번 - ②

6번 - ②

7번 - ③

into (전치사)를 쓰지 않음

8번 - ⑤

have stood

9번 - ③

are

10번 - ⑤

11번 - ④

12번 - ③

13번 - ④

4

14번 - 같이 합류해서 박수를 치는 것

take up: 시작하다, 차지하다의 의미임. suggestion은 문맥상 '유도'로 유급으로 박수치는 사람들이 유도하는 것 즉, 박수치는 것을 의미함

15번 - ③

regulating이아닌 being regulated로

16번 - ⑤

기업가는 타고난 것이 아니라 만들어 질 수 있는 것이면 교육을 통해 형성될 수 있다는 취지의 글을 선택해야 한다.

17번 - ④

18번 - ③

노화에 따른 안구의 구조적 변화를 설명하는 글이므로 3)번이 가장 적절하다.

19번 - ④

20번 - ①

a habit가 an intention으로 바뀌어야 맞다.

21번 - ④

disappear는 수동태 불가하므로 disappeared가 적절하다

22번 - ②

23번 - ⑤

to practice

24번 - ③

25번 - ③

26번 - ⑤

27번 - ④

28번 - ④

29번 - ⑤→precious

30번 - ③

pay double consequences(두배의 대가를 치르다)→double their reward(그들의 보상을 두배로 받다)

31번 - ①

1. 사역동사 make 의 수동태는 목적보어가 to부정사의 형태로 와야한다.

32번 - ②

to be scattered

33번 - ⑤

is(도치문장이므로 주어는 뒤에 있는 the need)

34번 - ④

35번 - ④

창의성이 아닌 생산성을 향상시킨다는 글이므로 4번은 오답이다.

36번 - ①

37번 - ⑤

stock 의 또 다른 의미인 '주식'의 의미로 보기를 제시했으므로 부적절하다.

38번 - ③

never A without B : A 하면 반드시 B한다, 어떤일을 하면 반드시 의지를 의식한다는 의미이므로 본문의 내용과 맞지 않다.

39번 - ④

disappeared

40번 - ④

제시문의 these items는 앞문장의 fruits, vegetables, other healthy options을 의미한다.

41번 - ⑤

42번 - ④

43번 - ②

whom

44번 - food, improve, performance

45번 - disclose, more(much)

46번 - ②

47번 - ②

enter

48번 - ②

Most of the children 대부분을 모든(every)과 구분해야한다. 전체 참여자가 기다림을 선택한 것은 아니다.

49번 - ②

2. 유명해지고자하는 욕구를 이끄는 무시당한 기분.

50번 - ④

51번 - atmosphere

52번 - ④

53번 - ⑤

반복적이고 지루한 업무는 로봇에 맡기고 인간은 좀 더 정교한 업무를 담당한다는 의미이다

54번 - ④

55번 - ③

56번 - ④

대부분 우리의 습관도 결국 우리의 의지를 따라간다는 내용이 적합하다.

57번 - ④

58번 - ⑤

59번 - ③

grew

60번 - ④

61번 - ④

had been reached

62번 - ③

at which

63번 - ③

64번 - ⑤

5

65번 - ①

66번 - ⑤

67번 - ④

68번 - ②

69번 - ①

70번 - ④

71번 - ⑤

장갑을 착용하는 것은 습관적으로 착용한 것이며, 오븐에 손을 뻗는 행위가 의지의 표현이다.

72번 - ④

④hard→easy

73번 - ①

74번 - ④

75번 - ③

76번 - ①

77번 - ①

마시멜로의 맛과 무관한 측면에 집중하며 충동을 이겨냈다는 글이 자연스럽다

78번 - ②

2

79번 - ③

80번 - ①

and that

81번 - ⑤

82번 - ①

suspect : 일거라고 생각하다, doubt ~ 아닐거라고 생각하다 (의미적 반의어임에 주의할 것)

83번 - ②

84번 - ⑤

85번 - ①

86번 - ⑤

87번 - ④

88번 - ④

89번 - They became more valuable as a toilet paper than currency

90번 - ②

4세와 6~8세의 차이를 대조하므로 in contrast 가 적절하며 마지막은 결론을 맺는 글이다.

91번 - ④

working

92번 - ④

improved

93번 - ⑤

나이가 들면 적응을 위한 시간이 더 소요되므로 5)번이 부적절하다

94번 - ④

기술을 창의적으로 활용해서 천연재료와 인공재료를 다양하게 변형하여 새로운 공예품을 제작할 수 있다는 의미이다. alternation 교대, altercation 언쟁,

95번 - ④

96번 - ⑤

satisfy

97번 - ③

98번 - ④

had been reached

99번 - ③

100번 - ③

most (some) of the N 임에 유의할 것

101번 - themselves, looked

102번 - ⑤

103번 - ②

104번 - ④

105번 - ③

106번 - ③

107번 - ①

108번 - ③

which(but that)

109번 - ⑤

유아의 자기통제력에 있어 언어와 개인적인 언어가 더 큰 보상을 위해 기다리는데 일정 역할을 했다

110번 - ③

unable 이 적절하다

111번 - smart, productivity

112번 - ④

113번 - ③

are far removed

114번 - ③

despite 는 전치사이므로 명사가 와야한다. we perform 이 절이므로 although, though 접속사가 와야한다.

115번 - ③

116번 - ①

117번 - famous, neglect

118번 - ④

to changes

119번 - ⑤

120번 - ②

121번 - ③

while (분사구문)

122번 - ②

123번 - ②

124번 - ④

브라질로 갔던 휴가에 대한 생각이 의지이며 도로횡단시 좌우를 살피는 것은 습관적 행동이다.

125번 - ④

although

126번 - 1) 눈을 통과하는 빛의 양이 감소한다 2) 밝기의 변화에 적응하는 능력이 감소한다

127번 - ①

Despite

128번 - ⑤

129번 - ③

130번 - ⑤